Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Korea.
Biosensors (Basel). 2021 Dec 9;11(12):507. doi: 10.3390/bios11120507.
Understanding the levels of glucose (G) and lactate (L) in blood can help us regulate various chronic health conditions such as obesity. In this paper, we introduced an enzyme-based electrochemical biosensor adopting glucose oxidase and lactate oxidase on two working screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) to sequentially determine glucose and lactate concentrations in a single drop (~30 µL) of whole blood. We developed a diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model for 28 weeks and monitored the changes in blood glucose and lactate levels. A linear calibration curve for glucose and lactate concentrations in ranges from 0.5 to 35 mM and 0.5 to 25 mM was obtained with R-values of 0.99 and 0.97, respectively. A drastic increase in blood glucose and a small but significant increase in blood lactate were seen only in prolonged obese cases. The ratio of lactate concentration to glucose concentration (L/G) was calculated as the mouse's gained weight. The results demonstrated that an L/G value of 0.59 could be used as a criterion to differentiate between normal and obesity conditions. With L/G and weight gain, we constructed a diagnostic plot that could categorize normal and obese health conditions into four different zones. The proposed dual electrode biosensor for glucose and lactate in mouse whole blood showed good stability, selectivity, sensitivity, and efficiency. Thus, we believe that this dual electrode biosensor and the diagnostic plot could be used as a sensitive analytical tool for diagnosing glucose and lactate biomarkers in clinics and for monitoring obesity.
了解血液中的葡萄糖（G）和乳酸（L）水平有助于我们调节各种慢性健康状况，如肥胖。在本文中，我们介绍了一种基于酶的电化学生物传感器，该传感器在两个工作的丝网印刷碳电极（SPCE）上采用葡萄糖氧化酶和乳酸氧化酶，以在单个血滴（约 30µL）中顺序测定全血中的葡萄糖和乳酸浓度。我们建立了一个饮食诱导肥胖（DIO）小鼠模型，持续 28 周，并监测血糖和乳酸水平的变化。在 0.5 至 35mM 和 0.5 至 25mM 的范围内，葡萄糖和乳酸浓度的线性校准曲线分别获得了 0.99 和 0.97 的 R 值。仅在长期肥胖的情况下，才会看到血糖急剧升高和乳酸略有但显著升高。将乳酸浓度与葡萄糖浓度的比值（L/G）计算为小鼠的增重。结果表明，L/G 值为 0.59 可用作区分正常和肥胖状态的标准。通过 L/G 和体重增加，我们构建了一个诊断图，可以将正常和肥胖的健康状况分为四个不同的区域。用于小鼠全血中葡萄糖和乳酸的双电极生物传感器表现出良好的稳定性、选择性、灵敏度和效率。因此，我们相信这种双电极生物传感器和诊断图可以用作临床诊断葡萄糖和乳酸生物标志物以及监测肥胖的敏感分析工具。
