State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China.
Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China.
J Gen Virol. 2021 May;102(5). doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001593.
Host cell lipids play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of respiratory virus infection. However, a direct comparison of the lipidomic profile of influenza virus and rhinovirus infections is lacking. In this study, we first compared the lipid profile of influenza virus and rhinovirus infection in a bronchial epithelial cell line. Most lipid features were downregulated for both influenza virus and rhinovirus, especially for the sphingomyelin features. Pathway analysis showed that sphingolipid metabolism was the most perturbed pathway. Functional study showed that bacterial sphingomyelinase suppressed influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication, but promoted rhinovirus replication. These findings suggest that sphingomyelin pathway can be a potential target for antiviral therapy, but should be carefully evaluated as it has opposite effects on different respiratory viruses. Furthermore, the differential effect of sphingomyelinase on rhinovirus and influenza virus may explain the interference between rhinovirus and influenza virus infection.
宿主细胞脂质在呼吸道病毒感染的发病机制中起着关键作用。然而，流感病毒和鼻病毒感染的脂质组学特征的直接比较尚缺乏。在这项研究中，我们首先比较了流感病毒和鼻病毒感染在支气管上皮细胞系中的脂质谱。大多数脂质特征在流感病毒和鼻病毒感染中均下调，尤其是鞘磷脂特征。通路分析表明，鞘脂代谢是受干扰最严重的通路。功能研究表明，细菌鞘磷脂酶抑制了流感病毒和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）的复制，但促进了鼻病毒的复制。这些发现表明，鞘磷脂途径可能是抗病毒治疗的一个潜在靶点，但应谨慎评估，因为它对不同的呼吸道病毒有相反的作用。此外，鞘磷脂酶对鼻病毒和流感病毒的不同作用可能解释了鼻病毒和流感病毒感染之间的干扰。
