Experimental Medicine Center, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, Prague, Czech Republic.
Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Palackeho namesti 4, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice753/5, Brno, Czech Republic.
Clin Chim Acta. 2021 Aug;519:206-209. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.04.024. Epub 2021 May 3.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly spread from China in 2019/2020 to all continents. Significant geographical and ethnic differences were described, and host genetic background seems to be important for the resistance to and mortality of COVID-19. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism (rs4646994) is one of the candidates with the potential to affect infection symptoms and mortality.
In our study, we successfully genotyped 408 SARS-CoV-2-positive COVID-19 survivors (163 asymptomatic and 245 symptomatic) and compared them with a population-based DNA bank of 2,559 subjects.
The frequency of ACE I/I homozygotes was significantly increased in COVID-19 patients compared with that in controls (26.2% vs. 21.2%; P = 0.02; OR [95% CI] = 1.55 [1.17-2.05]. Importantly, however, the difference was driven just by the symptomatic subjects (29.0% vs. 21.2% of the I/I homozygotes; P = 0.002; OR [95% CI] = 1.78 [1.22-2.60]). The genotype distribution of the ACE genotypes was almost identical in population controls and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2-positive patients (P = 0.76).
We conclude that ACE I/D polymorphism could have the potential to predict the severity of COVID-19, with I/I homozygotes being at increased risk of symptomatic COVID-19.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）于 2019/2020 年从中国迅速传播到各大洲。描述了显著的地理和种族差异，宿主遗传背景似乎对 COVID-19 的抵抗力和死亡率很重要。血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）插入/缺失（I/D）多态性（rs4646994）是具有潜在影响感染症状和死亡率的候选者之一。
在我们的研究中，我们成功地对 408 名 SARS-CoV-2 阳性 COVID-19 幸存者（163 名无症状和 245 名有症状）进行了基因分型，并将其与基于人群的 2559 名受试者的 DNA 银行进行了比较。
与对照组相比，COVID-19 患者中 ACE I/I 纯合子的频率显著增加（26.2%比 21.2%；P=0.02；OR [95%CI]为 1.55 [1.17-2.05]）。然而，重要的是，这种差异仅由有症状的患者驱动（29.0%比 I/I 纯合子的 21.2%；P=0.002；OR [95%CI]为 1.78 [1.22-2.60]）。ACE 基因型的基因型分布在人群对照和无症状 SARS-CoV-2 阳性患者中几乎相同（P=0.76）。
我们得出结论，ACE I/D 多态性可能具有预测 COVID-19 严重程度的潜力，I/I 纯合子患有症状 COVID-19 的风险增加。
