Michaux L, Froidure A
Service de pneumologie, cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate, 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgique.
Service de pneumologie, cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate, 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgique; Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgique.
Rev Mal Respir. 2021 Jun;38(6):607-615. doi: 10.1016/j.rmr.2021.04.006. Epub 2021 May 3.
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is one of the most common interstitial lung diseases, characterized by an inflammatory and/or fibrotic reaction to inhaled antigens.
The heterogeneity of presentation and the lack of international guidelines makes management complex. In addition, the current treatment, based on antigen eviction and immunosuppressive drugs, is less effective in the fibrotic forms of HP. This article summarizes the latest data on HP and the new recommendations of the American Thoracic Society (ATS) on the diagnosis of HP.
The new ATS recommendations establish a more precise and rigorous diagnostic approach to HP. Multidisciplinary discussion plays a pivotal role both in the diagnosis and the treatment of the disease. Nintedanib has recently been shown to be effective in fibrotic HP.
Questions remain unanswered about the optimal therapeutic strategy in fibrotic HP, which underlines the need to carry out large-scale studies.
过敏性肺炎（HP）是最常见的间质性肺疾病之一，其特征为对吸入抗原产生炎症和/或纤维化反应。
临床表现的异质性以及缺乏国际指南使得管理变得复杂。此外，目前基于抗原清除和免疫抑制药物的治疗方法在纤维化型HP中效果较差。本文总结了HP的最新数据以及美国胸科学会（ATS）关于HP诊断的新建议。
ATS的新建议建立了一种更精确、更严格的HP诊断方法。多学科讨论在该疾病的诊断和治疗中都起着关键作用。尼达尼布最近已被证明对纤维化型HP有效。
关于纤维化型HP的最佳治疗策略仍有问题未得到解答，这突出了开展大规模研究的必要性。
