Cancer Research Initiative, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
Women's Health Research Unit, School of Public Health and Family Medicine,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa.
BMJ Open. 2021 May 6;11(5):e044093. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044093.
Breast and cervical cancer are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in women globally, with disproportionately high burdens in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). While the incidence of both cancers increases across LMICs, many cases continue to go undiagnosed or diagnosed late. The aim of this review is to comprehensively map the current evidence on the time to breast or cervical cancer diagnosis and its associated factors in LMICs.
This scoping review (ScR) will be informed by Arksey and O'Malley's enhanced ScR methodology framework. It will be reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. We will conduct a comprehensive search of the following electronic databases: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, Scopus and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). Two reviewers will independently screen all abstracts and full texts using predefined inclusion criteria. All publications describing the time to diagnosis and its associated factors in the contexts of breast or cervical cancer will be considered for inclusion. Evidence will be narratively synthesised and analysed using a predefined conceptual framework.
As this is a ScR of publicly available data, with no primary data collection, it will not require ethical approval. Findings will be disseminated widely through a peer-reviewed publication and forums such as conferences and community engagement sessions. This review will provide a user-friendly evidence summary for understanding the enormity of diagnostic delays and associated factors for breast and cervical cancers in LMICs, while helping to inform policy actions and implementation of interventions for addressing such delays.
引言：乳腺癌和宫颈癌是导致全球女性发病和死亡的主要原因，在中低收入国家（LMICs）的负担尤为沉重。虽然这两种癌症在 LMICs 中的发病率都在上升，但许多病例仍未被诊断或诊断较晚。本综述的目的是全面绘制当前关于 LMICs 中乳腺癌或宫颈癌诊断时间及其相关因素的证据图谱。
方法和分析：本范围综述（ScR）将遵循 Arksey 和 O'Malley 的增强 ScR 方法学框架。它将按照系统评价和 Meta 分析扩展的首选报告项目对 Scoping Reviews 的报告进行报告。我们将全面搜索以下电子数据库：MEDLINE（通过 PubMed）、Cochrane 图书馆、Scopus 和 Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature（CINAHL）。两名审查员将使用预定义的纳入标准独立筛选所有摘要和全文。所有描述乳腺癌或宫颈癌背景下诊断时间及其相关因素的出版物都将被考虑纳入。将使用预定义的概念框架对证据进行叙述性综合和分析。
伦理和传播：由于这是对公开数据的 ScR，没有进行原始数据收集，因此不需要伦理批准。研究结果将通过同行评审的出版物以及会议和社区参与会议等论坛广泛传播。本综述将提供一个用户友好的证据摘要，以了解 LMICs 中乳腺癌和宫颈癌诊断延迟的巨大程度及其相关因素，同时有助于为解决这些延迟的政策行动和干预措施提供信息。
