Department of Clinical Research and Department of Public Health, Nursing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Amager and Hvidovre Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Hvidovre, Denmark.
J Health Organ Manag. 2021 Apr 9;35(9):140-162. doi: 10.1108/JHOM-02-2020-0049.
The aim of this study is to explore and discuss key challenges associated with having stakeholders take part in co-designing a health care intervention to increase mobility in older medical patients admitted to two medical departments at two hospitals in Denmark.
DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The study used a qualitative design to investigate the challenges of co-designing an intervention in five workshops involving health professionals, patients and relatives. "Challenges" are understood as "situations of being faced with something that needs great mental or physical effort in order to be done successfully and therefore tests a person's ability" (Cambridge Dictionary). Thematic content analysis was conducted with a background in the analytical question: "What key challenges arise in the material in relation to the co-design process?".
Two key challenges were identified: engagement and facilitation. These consisted of five sub-themes: recruiting patients and relatives, involving physicians, adjusting to a new researcher role, utilizing contextual knowledge and handling ethical dilemmas.
RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS: The population of patients and relatives participating in the workshops was small, which likely affected the co-design process.
Researchers who want to use co-design must be prepared for the extra time required and the need for skills concerning engagement, communication, facilitation, negotiation and resolution of conflict. Time is also required for ethical discussions and considerations concerning different types of knowledge creation.
ORIGINALITY/VALUE: Engaging stakeholders in co-design processes is increasingly encouraged. This study documents the key challenges in such processes and reports practical implications.
本研究旨在探讨和讨论与利益相关者共同设计医疗干预措施以增加丹麦两家医院两个医学部门老年住院患者活动能力相关的主要挑战。
设计/方法/途径：本研究采用定性设计，通过五个涉及卫生专业人员、患者和家属的工作坊来调查共同设计干预措施的挑战。“挑战”被理解为“面临需要很大的精神或体力努力才能成功完成的事情的情况，因此考验一个人的能力”（剑桥词典）。在分析问题的背景下进行了主题内容分析：“与共同设计过程相关的材料中出现了哪些关键挑战？”。
确定了两个主要挑战：参与和促进。这些包括五个子主题：招募患者和家属、涉及医生、适应新的研究人员角色、利用背景知识和处理伦理困境。
研究局限性/影响：参与工作坊的患者和家属人数较少，这可能影响了共同设计过程。
希望使用共同设计的研究人员必须为所需的额外时间以及关于参与、沟通、促进、谈判和解决冲突的技能做好准备。还需要时间进行伦理讨论和考虑不同类型的知识创造。
原创性/价值：越来越鼓励利益相关者参与共同设计过程。本研究记录了这些过程中的主要挑战，并报告了实际影响。
