Hodson M E
Brompton Hospital and Cardiothoracic Institute, London, England.
Chest. 1988 Aug;94(2 Suppl):156S-162S.
Aerosol antibiotics in control studies have been shown to improve lung function and reduce the number of acute hospital admissions in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, their administration is time-consuming in patients who must already take a large amount of medication daily. Aerosol antibiotics are expensive, but the cost is minimal compared with the cost of a hospital admission or intravenous antibiotics. When this method of administration of antibiotics first began to be widely used in the treatment of CF, there was much concern that hypersensitivity reactions might occur and that drug-resistant organisms would cause clinical problems. Minimal drug hypersensitivity has been reported, and there is no solid evidence that the small increase in resistance to some antibiotics associated with the use of aerosol antibiotics is in any way detrimental to the patients. These minor disadvantages must be weighed against the possible advantage of using aerosol antibiotics in any given clinical situation.
对照研究表明，雾化抗生素可改善囊性纤维化（CF）患者的肺功能，并减少急性住院次数。然而，对于那些每天必须服用大量药物的患者来说，使用雾化抗生素很耗时。雾化抗生素价格昂贵，但与住院费用或静脉注射抗生素相比，成本微不足道。当这种抗生素给药方法刚开始广泛用于CF治疗时，人们非常担心可能会发生过敏反应，以及耐药菌会引发临床问题。据报道，药物过敏反应极少，而且没有确凿证据表明，与使用雾化抗生素相关的某些抗生素耐药性的小幅增加会对患者造成任何损害。在任何特定临床情况下，都必须权衡这些小缺点与使用雾化抗生素可能带来的好处。
