Smith A L, Ramsey B
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri-Columbia 65212, USA.
Respiration. 1995;62 Suppl 1:19-24. doi: 10.1159/000196489.
Aerosol administration of antibiotics is an attractive approach to the treatment of the recurrent respiratory infections experienced by patients suffering from cystic fibrosis (CF). Through aerosol administration, drugs can, theoretically, be delivered directly to the target site of infection, i.e. the lumen of the lower respiratory tract, thus enabling smaller doses to be given. This, in turn, should result in reduced costs and decreased potential for systemic toxicity. The efficacy of aerosol antibiotic therapy is, however, influenced by numerous variables, including the type of nebulizer device used to deliver the aerosol, the drug's physical properties, its concentration in the aerosol and particle size, carrier gas and patient factors. The efficacy of aerosol antibiotics in the treatment of CF is controversial. This appears to be due mainly of problems and inconsistencies with clinical trials. However, various antibiotics, including beta-lactams, polymyxins and aminoglycosides, have demonstrated clinical benefits when administered by inhalation to CF patients.
对患有囊性纤维化（CF）的患者而言，通过气雾剂给药抗生素是治疗其反复呼吸道感染的一种有吸引力的方法。从理论上讲，通过气雾剂给药，药物能够直接送达感染的靶部位，即下呼吸道管腔，从而能够使用较小剂量。这转而应能降低成本并减少全身毒性的可能性。然而，气雾剂抗生素疗法的疗效受众多变量影响，包括用于递送气雾剂的雾化器装置类型、药物的物理性质、其在气雾剂中的浓度和粒径、载气以及患者因素。气雾剂抗生素治疗CF的疗效存在争议。这似乎主要是由于临床试验存在问题和不一致性。然而，包括β-内酰胺类、多粘菌素和氨基糖苷类在内的各种抗生素经吸入给予CF患者时已显示出临床益处。
