Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IGM/Fiocruz), Salvador, Bahia 40296 710, Brazil.
Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia 40110-040, Brazil.
Vaccine. 2021 May 27;39(23):3189-3196. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.04.028. Epub 2021 May 5.
BCG is the only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB) and, in Brazil, comprises part of the recommended vaccine schedule within the first month of life. Due to a local manufacturing shortage of BCG Moreau, BCG Russia was introduced in 2017 by the Brazilian Ministry of Health.
To evaluate differences in immune responses induced by BCG Moreau and BCG Russia in infants, in addition to scar formation.
The present case series involved 15 healthy infants who were vaccinated within the first seven days of life with one of two strains of BCG, then followed for 12 weeks or longer. Cytokine levels were measured before and after vaccination in whole blood culture supernatants previously stimulated in vitro with either BCG strain, heat-killed M. tuberculosis H37Rv or in the absence of stimulation. BCG scarring was also documented.
Infants vaccinated with BCG Moreau exhibited increased background IL-2, IL-10 and IL-4 production, yet no differences were found in those vaccinated with BCG Russia. Although both strains induced higher levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ, elevated IL-6, TNF and IL-10 production was also seen in response to BCG Russia. In contrast, no specific responses were observed against heat-killed M. tuberculosis H37Rv, with the exception of increased IL-2 following BCG Moreau vaccination. Although documented in both groups, scarring was milder and less frequent following BCG Russia vaccination.
Similar Th1 profiles were found following immunization with either type of BCG vaccine evaluated herein, with more pronounced cytokine production detected in response to the Russia strain. Overall, vaccination was well-tolerated and scarring evolved as expected for both BCG strains.
卡介苗（BCG）是唯一一种针对结核病（TB）的有许可证的疫苗，在巴西，它是婴儿出生后第一个月推荐疫苗接种计划的一部分。由于 BCG Moreau 的当地生产短缺，巴西卫生部于 2017 年引入了 BCG 俄罗斯。
评估 BCG Moreau 和 BCG 俄罗斯在婴儿中引起的免疫反应差异，以及瘢痕形成。
本病例系列包括 15 名健康婴儿，他们在出生后的头七天内接种了两种 BCG 菌株之一，然后进行了 12 周或更长时间的随访。在体外用两种 BCG 菌株、热灭活结核分枝杆菌 H37Rv 或无刺激物预先刺激全血培养上清液之前和之后测量细胞因子水平。还记录了 BCG 瘢痕形成。
接种 BCG Moreau 的婴儿表现出背景 IL-2、IL-10 和 IL-4 产生增加，但接种 BCG 俄罗斯的婴儿没有发现差异。虽然两种菌株都诱导了更高水平的 IL-2 和 IFN-γ，但对 BCG 俄罗斯的反应也观察到了升高的 IL-6、TNF 和 IL-10 产生。相比之下，对热灭活结核分枝杆菌 H37Rv 没有观察到特异性反应，除了接种 BCG Moreau 后 IL-2 增加。尽管在两组中都有记录，但接种 BCG 俄罗斯后瘢痕形成较轻且频率较低。
用本文评估的两种 BCG 疫苗中的任何一种进行免疫接种都发现了相似的 Th1 谱，对俄罗斯菌株的反应检测到更明显的细胞因子产生。总体而言，两种 BCG 菌株的疫苗接种均耐受良好，瘢痕形成符合预期。
