Immunology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Vaccine. 2010 Feb 10;28(6):1635-41. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.11.004. Epub 2009 Nov 24.
IFNgamma plays an important part in immunity to tuberculosis (TB), but although it is necessary, it is not on its own sufficient for protection against TB. To identify other cytokines that play a role in the protection against TB induced by BCG vaccination, immune responses were compared between vaccinated and unvaccinated infants from the UK where BCG is known to provide protection. Twenty-one cytokines and chemokines were tested in supernatants from diluted whole blood cultures that had been stimulated for 6 days with Mycobacterium tuberculosis PPD. For 15 out of 21 of the cytokines tested responses were much higher in BCG vaccinated infants than in unvaccinated infants. These included: pro-inflammatory cytokines; IFNgamma (median 1705 pg/ml vs. 1.6 pg/ml in vaccinated and unvaccinated infants, respectively), TNFalpha (median 226 pg/ml vs. 18 pg/ml), as well as IL-2, IL-1alpha and IL-6; TH2 cytokines: IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 (median 104 pg/ml vs. 1.6 pg/ml); the regulatory cytokine IL-10 (median response 96 pg/ml vs. 8 pg/ml); the TH17 cytokine IL-17, chemokines (IP-10, MIP-1alpha and IL-8) and growth factors (GM-CSF and G-CSF). The greatest increase in cytokine production in BCG vaccinees compared to unvaccinated infants was seen with IFNgamma. While responses for many cytokines were correlated with the IFNgamma response, others including IL-17 and IL-10 were not. The pattern of cytokine induction following BCG vaccination is complex and measurement of one of two cytokines does not reveal the whole picture of vaccine-induced protection.
IFNgamma 在结核病（TB）的免疫中起着重要作用，但尽管它是必要的，但它本身不足以保护免受 TB 感染。为了确定在 BCG 疫苗接种诱导的 TB 保护中起作用的其他细胞因子，比较了来自英国的接种和未接种婴儿的免疫反应，在英国，BCG 被认为可提供保护。用结核分枝杆菌 PPD 刺激 6 天后，从稀释的全血培养物上清液中测试了 21 种细胞因子和趋化因子。在 21 种测试的细胞因子中，有 15 种在 BCG 接种婴儿中的反应明显高于未接种婴儿。其中包括：促炎细胞因子；IFNgamma（中位数 1705 pg/ml 与接种和未接种婴儿分别为 1.6 pg/ml），TNFalpha（中位数 226 pg/ml 与 18 pg/ml），以及 IL-2、IL-1alpha 和 IL-6；TH2 细胞因子：IL-4、IL-5 和 IL-13（中位数 104 pg/ml 与 1.6 pg/ml）；调节细胞因子 IL-10（中位数反应 96 pg/ml 与 8 pg/ml）；TH17 细胞因子 IL-17、趋化因子（IP-10、MIP-1alpha 和 IL-8）和生长因子（GM-CSF 和 G-CSF）。与未接种婴儿相比，BCG 疫苗接种者细胞因子产生的最大增加见于 IFNgamma。虽然许多细胞因子的反应与 IFNgamma 反应相关，但其他细胞因子如 IL-17 和 IL-10 则不然。BCG 疫苗接种后细胞因子诱导的模式很复杂，测量两种细胞因子之一并不能揭示疫苗诱导保护的全貌。
