Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2021 Jun;34:102329. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102329. Epub 2021 May 6.
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of body fluids is considered a quick, simple and easy to use method for the diagnosis of disease.
To evaluate rapid, reliable, and non-destructive SERS-based diagnostic tool with multivariate data analysis including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) for classification of different stages of typhoid on the basis of characteristic SERS spectral features.
SERS has been used for analysis of serum samples of different stages of typhoid including early acute stage and late acute stage in comparison with healthy samples, in order to investigate capability of this technique for diagnosis of typhoid. SERS spectral features associated with the biochemical changes taking place during the development of the typhoid fever were analyzed and identified.
The value of area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) for early acute stage versus healthy is 0.87 and that for healthy versus late acute stage is 0.52. PLS-DA classifier model gives values of 100 % for accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, respectively for the SERS spectral data sets of healthy versus early acute stage. Moreover, this classifier model gives values of 91 %, 89 % and 97 % for accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, respectively for the SERS spectral data sets of healthy versus late acute stage.
Based on preliminary work it is concluded that SERS has potential to diagnose various stages of typhoid fever including early acute and late acute stage in comparison with healthy samples.
体液的表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）被认为是一种快速、简单且易于使用的疾病诊断方法。
评估一种快速、可靠且无损的基于 SERS 的诊断工具，该工具结合多元数据分析，包括主成分分析（PCA）和偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA），基于特征 SERS 光谱特征对伤寒的不同阶段进行分类。
使用 SERS 分析了不同阶段伤寒（包括早期急性阶段和晚期急性阶段）的血清样本与健康样本进行比较，以研究该技术对伤寒诊断的能力。分析并鉴定了与伤寒发生过程中生化变化相关的 SERS 光谱特征。
早期急性阶段与健康人群相比的接收器工作特征（AUROC）曲线下面积（AUROC）值为 0.87，健康人群与晚期急性阶段相比的 AUROC 值为 0.52。PLS-DA 分类器模型对健康人群与早期急性阶段的 SERS 光谱数据集的准确性、敏感性和特异性的分别给出了 100%的值。此外，该分类器模型对健康人群与晚期急性阶段的 SERS 光谱数据集的准确性、敏感性和特异性的分别给出了 91%、89%和 97%的值。
基于初步工作，得出结论认为 SERS 具有诊断各种阶段伤寒的潜力，包括与健康样本相比的早期急性和晚期急性阶段。
