School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Sep 10;786:147480. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147480. Epub 2021 May 3.
Identifying critical spatial supply chain paths for embodied water flows driven by food demand can guide the development of more spatially explicit food-related policies for water savings. Previous studies have quantified water uses caused by food demand, but overlook intermediate transfer paths within and among regions. That is, spatial supply chain paths describing step-by-step transfer stages between water uses and final food demand have not been well characterized. Based on the multi-regional input-output model and structural path analysis, this study exhaustively identifies critical spatial supply chain paths for provincial water withdrawals driven by final food demand in China. Results show that the final demand of food products from critical sectors (e.g., agricultural products processing, rice, and swine) and regions (e.g., Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, and Guangdong) drives large amounts of water withdrawals. Critical supply chain paths indicate that agricultural products processing, food manufacturing, and catering should pay special attention to increasing the use efficiency of rice, poultry, cotton, water, and gas products, which can effectively reduce national water withdrawals. The interregional paths further provide evidence for interregional cooperation to save food-related water resources, such as the transfer of capital and technologies from agricultural products processing in Shandong to cotton production in Xinjiang and rice production in Heilongjiang. These critical supply chain paths provide spatially explicit and targeted hotspots for demand-side policies. They can also serve for the evaluation of measures in each stage of the supply chain paths.
识别受食物需求驱动的隐含水流动的关键空间供应链路径，可以为节约水资源的更具空间针对性的食品相关政策制定提供指导。以往的研究已经量化了由食物需求引起的用水量，但忽略了区域内和区域之间的中间转移路径。也就是说，描述水的使用和最终食物需求之间逐步转移阶段的空间供应链路径尚未得到很好的描述。本研究基于多区域投入产出模型和结构路径分析，详尽地确定了中国受最终食物需求驱动的省级水资源提取的关键空间供应链路径。结果表明，来自关键部门（如农产品加工、大米和生猪）和地区（如新疆、黑龙江和广东）的食品产品的最终需求导致了大量的水资源提取。关键供应链路径表明，农产品加工、食品制造和餐饮应特别注意提高大米、家禽、棉花、水和天然气产品的使用效率，这可以有效地减少全国的水资源提取量。区域间路径进一步为节约与食物相关的水资源的区域间合作提供了证据，例如将资本和技术从山东的农产品加工转移到新疆的棉花生产和黑龙江的水稻生产。这些关键供应链路径为需求侧政策提供了具有空间针对性的热点。它们还可以用于评估供应链路径各个阶段的措施。
