Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastics and Reconstructive Surgery, University Clinics Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Department of Sports Medicine-Sports Orthopedics, Klinikum Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany.
Wilderness Environ Med. 2021 Jun;32(2):160-167. doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2021.02.002. Epub 2021 May 6.
Bouldering has become a sport of growing interest, but little prospective evidence exists about injury proportions and patterns. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the cause of injuries sustained during indoor bouldering, proportion of affected body location, and injury severity.
Proportions and patterns of injury among German-speaking indoor boulderers were evaluated prospectively in an explorative cohort study. Participants completed a baseline questionnaire assessing anthropometric data and sport-specific potential preventive and risk factors, followed by monthly injury questionnaires including injury location and injury severity over a period of 12 mo.
Out of 507 boulderers, 222 (44%) sustained 305 injuries. Of those, 78% (n=238) were classified as Union Internationale de Associations d'Alpinisme (UIAA) 1, 19% (n=57) as UIAA 2, and 3% (n=10) as UIAA 3. Injuries of the upper extremities accounted for 63% (n=191) of all injuries. Injuries of the lower extremities accounted for 23% (n=71) but were more often classified as UIAA≥2 (P=0.0071; odds ratio [OR] 2.23; 95% CI 1.23-4.04) and were more often caused by falling (P=0.0005; OR 2.92; 95% CI 1.57-5.42) and jumping off the wall (P<0.0001; OR 4.39; 95% CI 2.25-8.56) than injuries of other body locations. There was no statistically significant protective effect of the evaluated potential preventive measures. Participants who used heavily downturned climbing shoes had a higher risk of sustaining a UIAA ≥2 injury (P=0.0034; OR 2.58; 95% CI 1.34-4.95).
Injuries in indoor bouldering are common. Lower extremity injuries are associated with higher injury severity. Preventive measures need to be established to reduce bouldering injuries, especially during falls and landings.
抱石运动日渐流行，但鲜有前瞻性研究报道其损伤比例和类型。本研究旨在前瞻性评估德国室内抱石运动者的损伤原因、损伤部位比例和损伤严重程度。
采用探索性队列研究，前瞻性评估德语区室内抱石者的损伤比例和类型。参与者填写基线问卷，评估人体测量学数据和运动特异性潜在预防和风险因素，随后在 12 个月内每月填写包含损伤部位和损伤严重程度的损伤问卷。
507 名抱石者中，222 名（44%）发生 305 次损伤。其中，78%（n=238）为 UIAA 1 级，19%（n=57）为 UIAA 2 级，3%（n=10）为 UIAA 3 级。上肢损伤占所有损伤的 63%（n=191）。下肢损伤占 23%（n=71），但更常为 UIAA≥2 级（P=0.0071；比值比[OR] 2.23；95%置信区间[CI] 1.23-4.04），更常由坠落（P=0.0005；OR 2.92；95% CI 1.57-5.42）和跳下岩壁（P<0.0001；OR 4.39；95% CI 2.25-8.56）引起，而非其他部位损伤。评估的潜在预防措施并无统计学显著的保护作用。使用过度向下弯曲的攀岩鞋的参与者发生 UIAA≥2 级损伤的风险更高（P=0.0034；OR 2.58；95% CI 1.34-4.95）。
室内抱石运动损伤常见。下肢损伤与更严重的损伤程度相关。需要制定预防措施来减少抱石运动损伤，尤其是坠落和着陆时。
