Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology & Forensic Odontology, Rayat Bahra Dental College and Hospital, Mohali, Punjab, India.
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology & Forensic Odontology, Luxmibai Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India.
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2021 Nov-Dec;87(6):768-777. doi: 10.25259/IJDVL_371_20.
The oral cavity is considered to be a mirror of the body's health, as it reflects the manifestations of various systemic disorders. Most of the oral mucosa is derived embryologically from an invagination of ectoderm and thus, like other similar orifices, it may become involved in the disorders that are primarily associated with the skin. Oral submucous fibrosis is one of the commonest precancerous conditions of the oral mucosa involving any part of the oral cavity resulting in tissue scarring, dysphagia and trismus. It is a collagen-related disorder characterized by excessive fibrosis in the oral submucosa, hyalinization and degenerative changes in the muscles. This disease has become a challenging entity for dermatologists due to resemblance of its features to various mucocutaneous conditions. An improper diagnosis can lead to wrong treatment and additional complications. Dermatologists need to be aware of the characteristic features of this disease which can distinguish it from other similar conditions. This review aims to focus on the detailed aspects of oral submucous fibrosis including its historical background, etiological factors, pathogenesis, clinical features, differential diagnosis, investigations, management and future perspectives.
口腔被认为是身体健康的一面镜子，因为它反映了各种系统性疾病的表现。大多数口腔黏膜在胚胎学上来源于外胚层的内陷，因此，像其他类似的孔道一样，它可能会涉及到主要与皮肤相关的疾病。口腔黏膜下纤维化是口腔黏膜最常见的癌前病变之一，可累及口腔的任何部位，导致组织瘢痕、吞咽困难和牙关紧闭。它是一种与胶原相关的疾病，其特征是口腔黏膜下过度纤维化、玻璃样变和肌肉退行性变。由于其特征与各种黏膜皮肤疾病相似，这种疾病已成为皮肤科医生的一个具有挑战性的实体。不正确的诊断会导致错误的治疗和额外的并发症。皮肤科医生需要了解这种疾病的特征，这可以将其与其他类似疾病区分开来。本综述旨在重点关注口腔黏膜下纤维化的详细方面，包括其历史背景、病因因素、发病机制、临床特征、鉴别诊断、检查、治疗和未来展望。
