RAND Corporation, Boston, MA, USA.
RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2022 Jan 1;56(1):112-124. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaab029.
Black adults in the U.S. experience significant health disparities related to tobacco use and obesity. Conducting observational studies of the associations between smoking and other health behaviors and indicators among Black adults may contribute to the development of tailored interventions.
We examined associations between change in cigarette smoking and alcohol use, body mass index, eating behavior, perceived stress, and self-rated health in a cohort of Black adults who resided in low-income urban neighborhoods and participated in an ongoing longitudinal study.
Interviews were conducted in 2011, 2014, and 2018; participants (N = 904) provided at least two waves of data. We fit linear and logistic mixed-effects models to evaluate how changes in smoking status from the previous wave to the subsequent wave were related to each outcome at that subsequent wave.
Compared to repeated smoking (smoking at previous and subsequent wave), repeated nonsmoking (nonsmoking at previous and subsequent wave) was associated with greater likelihood of recent dieting (OR = 1.59, 95% CI [1.13, 2.23], p = .007) and future intention (OR = 2.19, 95% CI [1.61, 2.98], p < .001) and self-efficacy (OR = 1.64, 95% CI [1.21, 2.23], p = .002) to eat low calorie foods, and greater odds of excellent or very good self-rated health (OR = 2.47, 95% CI [1.53, 3.99], p < .001). Transitioning from smoking to nonsmoking was associated with greater self-efficacy to eat low calorie foods (OR = 1.89, 95% CI [1.1, 3.26], p = .021), and lower perceived stress (β = -0.69, 95% CI [-1.34, -0.05], p = .036).
We found significant longitudinal associations between smoking behavior and eating behavior, perceived stress, and self-rated health. These findings have implications for the development of multiple behavior change programs and community-level interventions and policies.
美国的黑人成年人在吸烟和肥胖相关的健康方面存在显著差异。对黑人群体中吸烟与其他健康行为和指标之间的关联进行观察性研究，可能有助于制定有针对性的干预措施。
我们研究了居住在低收入城市社区并参与一项正在进行的纵向研究的黑人群体中，从上次波到下次波的吸烟状况变化与吸烟和其他健康行为和指标之间的关联。
在 2011 年、2014 年和 2018 年进行了访谈；参与者（N=904）提供了至少两波数据。我们拟合了线性和逻辑混合效应模型，以评估从上次波到下次波的吸烟状况变化与下次波的每个结果之间的关系。
与重复吸烟（上次波和下次波都吸烟）相比，重复不吸烟（上次波和下次波都不吸烟）与最近节食的可能性更大（OR=1.59，95%CI[1.13，2.23]，p=0.007）和未来的意向（OR=2.19，95%CI[1.61，2.98]，p<0.001）以及自我效能（OR=1.64，95%CI[1.21，2.23]，p=0.002），以食用低卡路里食物有关，并且自我报告的健康状况良好或非常好的可能性更大（OR=2.47，95%CI[1.53，3.99]，p<0.001）。从吸烟转变为不吸烟与食用低卡路里食物的自我效能更高有关（OR=1.89，95%CI[1.1，3.26]，p=0.021），并且感知压力更低（β=-0.69，95%CI[-1.34，-0.05]，p=0.036）。
我们发现吸烟行为与饮食行为、感知压力和自我报告的健康之间存在显著的纵向关联。这些发现对制定多种行为改变计划和社区层面的干预措施和政策具有启示意义。
