McGuire Amanda Mary, Seib Charrlotte, Porter-Steele Janine, Anderson Debra Jane
Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.
Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
J Med Internet Res. 2019 Aug 21;21(8):e10963. doi: 10.2196/10963.
Noncommunicable diseases pose a significant threat to women's health globally, with most diseases being attributed to modifiable risk factors such as physical inactivity. Women perceive a range of benefits and barriers to exercise; however, there is little evidence about the effect of different lifestyle intervention delivery modes on perceptions of exercise.
This study aimed to compare the effect of a multiple health behavior change (MHBC) intervention called the Women's Wellness Program. This intervention was delivered in 3 different modes on perceived exercise benefits, perceived exercise barriers, and actual physical activity and exercise in midlife women.
Women aged 45 to 65 years were recruited via the study website. They were assigned in blocks to 3 different treatment groups (A: Web-based independent; B: face-to-face with nurse consultations; and C: Web-based with virtual nurse consultations). All participants received the 12-week intervention that utilizes principles from social-cognitive theory to provide a structured guide to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors with an emphasis on regular exercise and healthy eating. Data were collected using a self-report Web-based questionnaire at baseline (T1) and postintervention (T2) including perceived exercise benefits and barriers and exercise and physical activity. A data analysis examined both within- and between-group changes over time.
Participants in this study (N=225) had a mean age of 50.9 years (SD 5.9) and most were married or living with a partner (83.3%, 185/225). Attrition was 30.2% with 157 participants completing the final questionnaire. Women in all intervention groups reported a significant increase in positive perceptions of exercise (P<.05); a significant increase in exercise and overall physical activity (P<.01) with moderate-to-large effect sizes noted for overall physical activity (d=0.5 to d=0.87). Participants receiving support from registered nurses in the face-to-face and Web-based groups had a greater magnitude of change in benefit perceptions and physical activity than those in the Web-based independent group. There was no significant change in exercise barrier perceptions within or between groups over time.
The results of this study suggest that the (MHBC) intervention is effective in increasing exercise benefit perceptions, overall physical activity, and exercise in midlife women. Although Web-based programs are cost-effective and flexible and can be delivered remotely, providing a range of options including face-to-face group delivery and personalized electronic health coaching from registered nurses has the potential to enhance participant engagement and motivation.
非传染性疾病对全球女性健康构成重大威胁，大多数疾病归因于可改变的风险因素，如缺乏身体活动。女性认识到锻炼有一系列益处和障碍；然而，关于不同生活方式干预实施模式对锻炼认知的影响，几乎没有证据。
本研究旨在比较一种名为女性健康计划的多健康行为改变（MHBC）干预措施的效果。该干预以3种不同模式实施，涉及中年女性对锻炼益处的认知、对锻炼障碍的认知以及实际身体活动和锻炼情况。
通过研究网站招募45至65岁的女性。她们被成组分配到3个不同的治疗组（A组：基于网络的独立干预组；B组：面对面与护士咨询组；C组：基于网络与虚拟护士咨询组）。所有参与者都接受为期12周的干预，该干预运用社会认知理论的原则，提供结构化指导以促进健康生活方式行为，重点是定期锻炼和健康饮食。在基线（T1）和干预后（T2）使用基于网络的自填问卷收集数据，包括对锻炼益处和障碍的认知以及锻炼和身体活动情况。数据分析考察了组内和组间随时间的变化。
本研究中的参与者（N = 225）平均年龄为50.9岁（标准差5.9），大多数已婚或与伴侣同住（83.3%，185/225）。失访率为30.2%，157名参与者完成了最终问卷。所有干预组的女性报告对锻炼的积极认知显著增加（P <.05）；锻炼和总体身体活动显著增加（P <.01），总体身体活动的效应量为中等至大（d = 0.5至d = 0.87）。在面对面和基于网络的组中得到注册护士支持的参与者，在益处认知和身体活动方面的变化幅度大于基于网络的独立组。随着时间推移，组内和组间在锻炼障碍认知方面均无显著变化。
本研究结果表明，（MHBC）干预措施在提高中年女性对锻炼益处的认知、总体身体活动和锻炼方面是有效的。虽然基于网络的项目具有成本效益且灵活，可以远程实施，但提供包括面对面小组授课和注册护士的个性化电子健康指导等一系列选择，有可能提高参与者的参与度和积极性。
