Instituto Latino-Americano de Ciências da Vida e da Natureza, Universidade Federal Da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Foz Do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2021 Aug 3;84(15):632-648. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1924331. Epub 2021 May 10.
Rovral® is a fungicide used to control pests that affect various crops and little is known regarding its effects on embryonic development of amniotes. Thus, this study aimed to determine the influence of Rovral® during chicken organogenesis using acute contamination. Fertilized eggs were inoculated with different concentrations of Rovral® (100, 300, 500 or 750 µl/ml), injected into the egg's air chamber. After 7 days, embryos were examined for possible malformations, staging, weight and mortality. Subsequently, head, trunk, limbs and eyes were measured for morphometry and asymmetry. For blood analysis, eggs were treated with 300 µl/ml Rovral® and glucose, presence of micronuclei and erythrocyte nuclei abnormalities determined. Treatments with Rovral® affected the mortality rate in a concentration-dependent manner. LC value was found to be 596 µl/ml which represents 397-fold higher than the recommended concentration for use. Rovral® produced several malformations including hemorrhagic, ocular and cephalic abnormalities. No significant changes were observed in body weight, staging, body measurements, symmetry and glucose levels of live embryos, which indicates this fungicide presents low toxicity under the analyzed conditions. Changes in erythrocyte nuclei were noted; however significant difference was observed only for presence of binucleated erythrocytes. It is important to point out that possibly more significant changes may have occurred at lower concentrations through chronic contamination. Therefore, caution is needed in the use of this fungicide, since it presents teratogenic and mutagenic potential.
罗瓦尔（Rovral）®是一种用于防治影响各种作物害虫的杀菌剂，关于其对羊膜动物胚胎发育的影响知之甚少。因此，本研究旨在使用急性污染来确定罗瓦尔（Rovral）®对鸡器官发生的影响。将受精的鸡蛋用不同浓度的罗瓦尔（Rovral）®（100、300、500 或 750 μl/ml）进行接种，注入鸡蛋气室。7 天后，检查胚胎是否存在畸形、分期、体重和死亡率。随后，对头、躯干、四肢和眼睛进行测量，以进行形态测量和不对称性分析。为了进行血液分析，将鸡蛋用 300 μl/ml 的罗瓦尔（Rovral）®和葡萄糖处理，确定是否存在微核和红细胞核异常。罗瓦尔（Rovral）®处理以浓度依赖的方式影响死亡率。LC 值为 596 μl/ml，比推荐的使用浓度高 397 倍。罗瓦尔（Rovral）®产生了多种畸形，包括出血、眼部和头部异常。活胚胎的体重、分期、身体测量、对称性和葡萄糖水平没有观察到显著变化，这表明在分析条件下，这种杀菌剂的毒性较低。红细胞核发生了变化；然而，仅观察到双核红细胞的存在存在显著差异。重要的是要指出，在慢性污染下，较低浓度可能会发生更显著的变化。因此，在使用这种杀菌剂时需要谨慎，因为它具有致畸和致突变的潜力。
