中西部一所大型大学中，拥有不限量餐饮计划的大学生的食物不安全和饮食摄入情况。
Food Insecurity and Dietary Intake among College Students with Unlimited Meal Plans at a Large, Midwestern University.
机构信息
University of Michigan College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, Ann Arbor, MI.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI.
出版信息
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2021 Nov;121(11):2267-2274. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.04.009. Epub 2021 May 8.
BACKGROUND
Food insecurity, a state of not being able to consistently access nutritious food due to financial constraints, has been associated with poor dietary intake among college students. The extent to which campus food resources contribute to this association is unknown.
OBJECTIVES
This study examined the association between food insecurity and dietary intake in a sample of undergraduate students with unlimited meal plans and dining hall access at a large, public Midwestern university.
DESIGN
The study design is cross-sectional. The data used are baseline data from a broader sugar-sweetened beverage intervention study that were collected using a Qualtrics survey prior to the intervention.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: The sample consisted of 1033 undergraduate students recruited from 3 dining halls. The data were collected in November 2018.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Food security was assessed using the 6-item Short Form Food Security Survey Module. Dietary intake was assessed using the National Cancer Institute 26-item Dietary Screener Questionnaire and the Beverage Intake Questionnaire-15.
STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED
Generalized linear regression models were used to examine differences in dietary intake by students' food security status, adjusting for students' sociodemographic characteristics.
RESULTS
In the sample, 14% of students were food-insecure. After adjusting for sociodemographic variables, food-insecure students reported 9% lower intake of fruits (P = 0.02), 9% lower intake of vegetables (P < 0.001), 10% higher intake of dairy (P = 0.002), 6% higher intake of total added sugars (P = 0.01), 10% higher intake of added sugars from sugar-sweetened beverages (P = 0.01), 4% higher intake of calcium (P = 0.01), and 4% lower intake of fiber (P = 0.01) compared with food-secure students. With respect to beverage intake, food-insecure students had 56% higher intake of total sugar-sweetened beverages (P = 0.002), which was driven by 185% higher intake of energy and sports drinks (P = 0.001), and 121% higher intake of sweetened teas (P = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Despite having identical food resources within campus dining halls, there were significant differences in the diets of college students by food security status.
背景
由于经济拮据而无法持续获得营养食物的状态，即食品不安全，与大学生不良的饮食摄入有关。校园食品资源在多大程度上促成了这种关联尚不清楚。
目的
本研究以一所大型中西部公立大学的、拥有无限用餐计划和餐厅使用权的本科生样本为对象，考察了食品不安全与饮食摄入之间的关系。
设计
本研究设计为横断面研究。使用的数据是在干预之前使用 Qualtrics 调查收集的、一项关于含糖饮料干预研究的基线数据。
参与者/设置：该样本由从 3 个餐厅招募的 1033 名本科生组成。数据收集于 2018 年 11 月。
主要结果测量
采用 6 项短式食物安全调查模块评估食物安全状况。采用国家癌症研究所 26 项饮食筛查问卷和饮料摄入问卷-15 评估饮食摄入。
统计学分析
采用广义线性回归模型，根据学生的食物安全状况调整学生的社会人口统计学特征后，检验饮食摄入的差异。
结果
在样本中，14%的学生食物不安全。在校正社会人口统计学变量后，食物不安全的学生报告水果摄入量低 9%（P=0.02），蔬菜摄入量低 9%（P<0.001），乳制品摄入量高 10%（P=0.002），总添加糖摄入量高 6%（P=0.01），含糖饮料添加糖摄入量高 10%（P=0.01），钙摄入量高 4%（P=0.01），膳食纤维摄入量低 4%（P=0.01）。关于饮料摄入，食物不安全的学生总糖饮料摄入量高 56%（P=0.002），这主要是由于能量和运动饮料摄入量高 185%（P=0.001），加糖茶摄入量高 121%（P=0.001）。
结论
尽管校园餐厅内拥有相同的食物资源，但大学生的饮食在食物安全状况方面存在显著差异。
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