Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Am J Health Promot. 2024 May;38(4):483-491. doi: 10.1177/08901171231224102. Epub 2023 Dec 21.
To assess associations between persistent and changing food insecurity and behavioral and mental health outcomes in college students.
Online surveys conducted November 2018 and March 2019 (freshman year), and March 2020 (sophomore year) were used to assess food insecurity, which was then used to create 4 food security transitions: persistent food insecurity, emergent food insecurity, emergent food security, and persistent food security.
Large Midwestern university.
593 students completing all 3 surveys.
Dietary intake and behavioral and mental health outcomes (eating disorders, anxiety, depression, sleep quality) were assessed using validated instruments.
Associations between food security transitions and dietary intake, behavioral, and mental health outcomes were examined using generalized linear models.
Compared to persistent food security, emergent and persistent food insecurity was associated with lower (7% and 13% respectively) intake of fruits and vegetables combined; persistent food insecurity was associated with 17% lower intake of fruits, 6% lower intake of fiber and 10% higher intake of added sugar from beverages. Compared to persistent food secure students, eating disorder symptom risk was higher for emergent food insecure (OR = 7.61, 95% CI: 3.32, 17.48), and persistent food insecure (OR = 6.60, 95% CI: 2.60, 16.72) students; emergent (OR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.14, 3.71) and persistent (OR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.34, 4.87) food insecure students had higher odds of poor sleep quality, and persistent food insecure, emergent food insecure, and emergent food secure students had higher odds of anxiety and depression (OR range 2.35-2.85).
Food security transitions were associated with aspects of low diet quality and poorer behavioral and mental health outcomes among college students.
评估大学生中持续性和变化性食物不安全与行为和心理健康结果之间的关联。
使用 2018 年 11 月和 2019 年 3 月（新生年）以及 2020 年 3 月（大二）进行的在线调查来评估食物不安全情况，然后使用这些情况创建 4 种食物安全转变：持续性食物不安全、突发食物不安全、突发食物安全和持续性食物安全。
美国中西部一所大型大学。
完成所有 3 次调查的 593 名学生。
使用经过验证的工具评估饮食摄入以及行为和心理健康结果（饮食失调、焦虑、抑郁、睡眠质量）。
使用广义线性模型检查食物安全转变与饮食摄入、行为和心理健康结果之间的关联。
与持续性食物安全相比，突发和持续性食物不安全分别与较低的（分别为 7%和 13%）水果和蔬菜总摄入量相关；持续性食物不安全与水果摄入量低 17%、纤维摄入量低 6%和饮料中添加糖摄入量高 10%相关。与持续性食物安全的学生相比，突发食物不安全（OR=7.61，95%CI：3.32，17.48）和持续性食物不安全（OR=6.60，95%CI：2.60，16.72）的学生患饮食失调症状的风险更高；突发（OR=2.05，95%CI：1.14，3.71）和持续性（OR=2.55，95%CI：1.34，4.87）食物不安全的学生睡眠质量较差的可能性更大，而持续性食物不安全、突发食物不安全、突发食物安全的学生焦虑和抑郁的可能性更高（OR 范围 2.35-2.85）。
食物安全转变与大学生低饮食质量和较差行为及心理健康结果有关。
