ChAdOx1新型冠状病毒疫苗（AZD1222）候选疫苗显著减少了雪貂体内的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）脱落。

ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine candidate significantly reduces SARS-CoV-2 shedding in ferrets.

作者信息

Marsh Glenn A, McAuley Alexander J, Au Gough G, Riddell Sarah, Layton Daniel, Singanallur Nagendrakumar B, Layton Rachel, Payne Jean, Durr Peter A, Bender Hannah, Barr Jennifer A, Bingham John, Boyd Victoria, Brown Sheree, Bruce Matthew P, Burkett Kathie, Eastwood Teresa, Edwards Sarah, Gough Tamara, Halpin Kim, Harper Jenni, Holmes Clare, Horman William S J, van Vuren Petrus Jansen, Lowther Suzanne, Maynard Kate, McAuley Kristen D, Neave Matthew J, Poole Timothy, Rootes Christina, Rowe Brenton, Soldani Elisha, Stevens Vittoria, Stewart Cameron R, Suen Willy W, Tachedjian Mary, Todd Shawn, Trinidad Lee, Walter Duane, Watson Naomi, Drew Trevor W, Gilbert Sarah C, Lambe Teresa, Vasan S S

机构信息

CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong, VIC, Australia.

Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

出版信息

NPJ Vaccines. 2021 May 10;6(1):67. doi: 10.1038/s41541-021-00315-6.

Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are likely to be critical in the management of the ongoing pandemic. A number of candidates are in Phase III human clinical trials, including ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222), a replication-deficient chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine candidate. In preclinical trials, the efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 against SARS-CoV-2 challenge was evaluated in a ferret model of infection. Groups of ferrets received either prime-only or prime-boost administration of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 via the intramuscular or intranasal route. All ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 administration combinations resulted in significant reductions in viral loads in nasal-wash and oral swab samples. No vaccine-associated adverse events were observed associated with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 candidate, with the data from this study suggesting it could be an effective and safe vaccine against COVID-19. Our study also indicates the potential for intranasal administration as a way to further improve the efficacy of this leading vaccine candidate.

针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的疫苗可能在当前大流行的管控中至关重要。一些候选疫苗正处于Ⅲ期人体临床试验阶段，其中包括ChAdOx1 nCoV-19（AZD1222），这是一种复制缺陷型黑猩猩腺病毒载体候选疫苗。在临床前试验中，通过雪貂感染模型评估了ChAdOx1 nCoV-19针对SARS-CoV-2攻击的效力。将雪貂分组，通过肌肉注射或鼻内途径接受ChAdOx1 nCoV-19的仅初免或初免-加强接种。所有ChAdOx1 nCoV-19接种组合均使洗鼻液和咽拭子样本中的病毒载量显著降低。未观察到与ChAdOx1 nCoV-19候选疫苗相关的不良事件，该研究数据表明它可能是一种针对2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的有效且安全的疫苗。我们的研究还表明，鼻内接种有可能作为进一步提高这种领先候选疫苗效力的一种方式。