Hanoi Center for Disease Control, Hanoi, Vietnam.
National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Zoonoses Public Health. 2021 Sep;68(6):630-637. doi: 10.1111/zph.12851. Epub 2021 May 10.
The study aimed to determine the status of neutralizing antibodies and rabies virus infection in dogs at slaughterhouses in Hanoi city from 2015 to 2017. A total of 2,376 pairs of blood and brain samples were collected from dogs at 92 slaughterhouses (8 large slaughterhouses and 84 small slaughterhouses) in 6 districts in Hanoi. Of the 1,500 dog samples from the large slaughterhouses where imported dogs were slaughtered, no dog brain samples were infected with rabies virus and no blood samples were positive for rabies neutralizing antibodies. Meanwhile, 7/876 (0.8%) of dog brain samples from small slaughterhouses in which slaughtered local dogs were positive for rabies virus and 26.4% had neutralizing antibodies against rabies virus. Analysis of the genetic characteristics of these rabies viruses showed that they all had a common origin with the domestic strains circulating in Northern Vietnam. Research results suggested that there was a potential risk of rabies transmission to humans through dog slaughtering activities in Vietnam. Vaccination for dogs should be strengthened, strictly implemented and frequently monitored to reach the rate of herd vaccination coverage as WHO's recommendation. Dog trading and slaughtering activities should be strictly monitored to minimize the risk of rabies transmission to humans.
本研究旨在确定 2015 年至 2017 年期间，来自河内市屠宰场的犬只的中和抗体和狂犬病病毒感染状况。共从河内市 6 个区的 92 个屠宰场（8 个大型屠宰场和 84 个小型屠宰场）采集了 2376 对血液和脑组织样本。在 1500 份来自大型屠宰场的进口犬血液样本中，未发现犬脑组织感染狂犬病病毒，也未发现狂犬病中和抗体呈阳性。同时，在 84 个小型屠宰场中，有 7/876（0.8%）份来自本地犬的脑组织样本狂犬病病毒检测呈阳性，其中 26.4%的样本对狂犬病病毒具有中和抗体。对这些狂犬病病毒的遗传特征分析表明，它们都与越南北部流行的国内株具有共同起源。研究结果表明，越南犬只屠宰活动存在传播狂犬病给人类的潜在风险。应加强犬只的免疫接种，严格执行并经常监测，以达到世界卫生组织推荐的群体免疫覆盖率。应严格监测犬只的交易和屠宰活动，以最大程度地降低狂犬病传播给人类的风险。
