Perin Patricia Parreira, Turmina Talita, Arias-Pacheco Carmen Andrea, Gomes Jonathan Silvestre, Andrade Lívia de Oliveira, Zolla Natália de Oliveira, Mendonça Talita Oliveira, Oliveira Wilson Junior, Fahl Willian de Oliveira, Scheffer Karin Correa, Cunha Neto Rene Dos Santos, Chierato Maria Eduarda Rodrigues, Mori Enio, Felicio Artur Luiz de Almeida, Haga Guilherme Shin Iwamoto, Guido Maria Carolina, Barrochelo Luiz Henrique, Marcos Affonso Dos Santos, Lux Hoppe Estevam Guilherme
Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884900, Brazil.
Laboratory of Rabies Diagnosis, Pasteur Institute, São Paulo 01311090, Brazil.
Pathogens. 2024 Apr 7;13(4):303. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13040303.
Rabies, one of the most lethal global zoonoses, affects all mammals. It remains circulating worldwide in sylvatic cycles through terrestrial and airborne reservoirs, and in Brazil, bats are currently the main reservoirs and source of transmission. Wild boars, an important invasive alien species in Brazil, are a proven food source for hematophagous bats and may participate in the Brazilian sylvatic cycle of rabies. We evaluated the presence of this pathogen in hunted wild boars from the São Paulo state using histopathology, the direct fluorescent antibody test (DFA), viral isolation in cell culture (VICC), the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT), and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The results of histopathological, DFA, VICC, and RT-qPCR analysis were negative for all samples; seven serum samples tested positive in the RFFIT, and titers ranged from 0.13 IU/mL to 0.5 IU/mL. The presence of rabies virus-neutralizing antibodies in the studied wild boars suggests the circulation of the virus in these animals. Educative actions directed at hunters should include information on the prevention of this important zoonosis.
狂犬病是全球最致命的人畜共患病之一，可感染所有哺乳动物。它通过陆地和空中宿主在野生动物循环中持续在全球传播，在巴西，蝙蝠是目前主要的宿主和传播源。野猪是巴西一种重要的外来入侵物种，已证实是吸血蝙蝠的食物来源，可能参与巴西狂犬病的野生动物循环。我们使用组织病理学、直接荧光抗体试验（DFA）、细胞培养病毒分离（VICC）、快速荧光灶抑制试验（RFFIT）和定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR），评估了圣保罗州狩猎的野猪中这种病原体的存在情况。所有样本的组织病理学、DFA、VICC和RT-qPCR分析结果均为阴性；七个血清样本在RFFIT中检测呈阳性，滴度范围为0.13 IU/mL至0.5 IU/mL。所研究的野猪中存在狂犬病病毒中和抗体，表明该病毒在这些动物中传播。针对猎人的教育行动应包括有关预防这种重要人畜共患病的信息。
