Ercan Nazli, Tel Adıgüzel Kübra
Department of Child Health and Diseases, Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Gülhane Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gülhane Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Ankara, Turkey.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2022 Apr;35(2):300-309. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12914. Epub 2021 Jun 16.
The present study aimed to investigate the eating behaviour, nutritional status and growth of Caucasian children in ages 2-6 years who had a diet because of cow's milk protein allergy (CMA) [immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated and/or non-IgE-mediated] in early childhood.
In this cross-sectional, case-control study, the cow's milk elimination (CME) group comprised children aged 0-2 years who were receiving a CME diet because of CMA, as confirmed by an oral food challenge test, and had reintroduced cow's milk for at least ≥ 3 months. The control group never had a restricted diet. Eating behaviour and children's growth was assessed. A 3-day food record was taken to determine the macronutrient and micronutrient intake of the children. Data on the children's socio-demographic, infant nutrition and family allergy history were collected from their medical records and face-to-face interviews with mothers.
In total, 62 children with a median age of 32 months were recruited for the study. The total scores of food avoidance and satiety responsiveness in the CME group (n:31) were higher than in the controls (n = 31) (p = 0.036 and 0.006, respectively). Weight-for-age and height-for-age are statistically lower in the CME group than in the control group (p < 0.001). A significant difference between groups in terms of dairy intake was recorded (p = 0.011). In the CME group, the current frequency of adequate energy, vitamin B1, folic acid, vitamin C and calcium intake was significantly lower than in the control group (p < 0.05).
Dietary interventions because of CMA at age 0-2 years can affect children's nutritional habits and parental-reported assessment of children's eating behaviours, resulting in growth restriction with insufficient micro/macronutrients and/or dairy products at the age of 2-6 years.
本研究旨在调查2至6岁因幼儿期牛奶蛋白过敏（CMA）[免疫球蛋白（Ig）E介导和/或非IgE介导]而进行饮食调整的白种儿童的饮食行为、营养状况和生长情况。
在这项横断面病例对照研究中，牛奶排除（CME）组包括0至2岁因CMA而接受CME饮食的儿童，经口服食物激发试验确诊，且已重新引入牛奶至少≥3个月。对照组从未有过饮食限制。评估饮食行为和儿童生长情况。采用3天食物记录来确定儿童的宏量营养素和微量营养素摄入量。从儿童的病历以及与母亲的面对面访谈中收集有关儿童社会人口统计学、婴儿营养和家族过敏史的数据。
总共招募了62名中位年龄为32个月的儿童参与研究。CME组（n = 31）的食物回避和饱腹感反应总分高于对照组（n = 31）（分别为p = 0.036和0.006）。CME组的年龄别体重和年龄别身高在统计学上低于对照组（p < 0.001）。记录到两组在乳制品摄入量方面存在显著差异（p = 0.011）。在CME组中，目前充足能量、维生素B1、叶酸、维生素C和钙摄入量的频率显著低于对照组（p < 0.05）。
0至2岁因CMA进行的饮食干预会影响儿童的营养习惯以及家长报告的儿童饮食行为评估，导致2至6岁时出现生长受限，且微量/宏量营养素和/或乳制品摄入不足。
