Kolter Roberto
Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; email:
Annu Rev Microbiol. 2021 Oct 8;75:1-17. doi: 10.1146/annurev-micro-033020-020648. Epub 2021 May 11.
Microbiology began as a unified science using the principles of chemistry to understand living systems. The unified view quickly split into the subdisciplines of medical microbiology, molecular biology, and environmental microbiology. The advent of a universal phylogeny and culture-independent approaches has helped tear down the boundaries separating the subdisciplines. The vision for the future is that the study of the fundamental roles of microbes in ecology and evolution will lead to an integrated biology with no boundary between microbiology and macrobiology.
微生物学最初是一门运用化学原理来理解生命系统的统一科学。这种统一的观点很快就分裂为医学微生物学、分子生物学和环境微生物学等子学科。通用系统发育学和非培养方法的出现有助于打破分隔这些子学科的界限。对未来的展望是，对微生物在生态和进化中的基本作用的研究将导致形成一门微生物学与宏观生物学之间没有界限的综合生物学。
