Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT.
Population Sciences Department, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH.
JCO Oncol Pract. 2021 May;17(5):e686-e694. doi: 10.1200/OP.21.00008.
Racial and ethnic minorities remain underrepresented in research and clinical trials. Better understanding of the components of effective minority recruitment into research studies is critical to understanding and reducing health disparities. Research on recruitment strategies for cancer-specific research-including colorectal cancer (CRC)-among African American men is particularly limited. We present an instrumental exploratory case study examining successful and unsuccessful strategies for recruiting African American men into focus groups centered on identifying barriers to and facilitators of CRC screening completion.
The parent qualitative study was designed to explore the social determinants of CRC screening uptake among African American men 45-75 years of age. Recruitment procedures made use of community-based participatory research strategies combined with built community relationships, including the use of trusted community members, culturally tailored marketing materials, and incentives.
Community involvement and culturally tailored marketing materials facilitated recruitment. Barriers to recruitment included limited access to public spaces, transportation difficulties, and medical mistrust leading to reluctance to participate.
The use of strategies such as prioritizing community relationship building, partnering with community leaders and gatekeepers, and using culturally tailored marketing materials can successfully overcome barriers to the recruitment of African American men into medical research studies. To improve participation and recruitment rates among racial and ethnic minorities in cancer-focused research studies, future researchers and clinical trial investigators should aim to broaden recruitment, strengthen community ties, offer incentives, and use multifaceted approaches to address specific deterrents such as medical mistrust and economic barriers.
少数族裔在研究和临床试验中的代表性仍然不足。更好地理解将少数族裔有效纳入研究的组成部分对于理解和减少健康差距至关重要。关于在非裔美国男性中进行特定于癌症的研究（包括结直肠癌（CRC））的招募策略的研究尤其有限。我们提出了一项工具性探索性案例研究，研究了成功和不成功的招募非裔美国男性参加以确定完成 CRC 筛查的障碍和促进因素为重点的小组讨论的策略。
母项定性研究旨在探索 45-75 岁非裔美国男性接受 CRC 筛查的社会决定因素。招募程序采用了结合社区参与式研究策略的方法，同时建立了社区关系，包括使用可信赖的社区成员、文化适应性营销材料和激励措施。
社区参与和文化适应性营销材料促进了招募。招募的障碍包括进入公共空间的机会有限、交通困难以及导致不愿意参与的医疗不信任。
优先建立社区关系、与社区领袖和把关人合作以及使用文化适应性营销材料等策略可以成功克服招募非裔美国男性参加医学研究的障碍。为了提高癌症相关研究中少数族裔的参与率和招募率，未来的研究人员和临床试验研究人员应旨在扩大招募范围、加强社区联系、提供激励措施，并采用多方面的方法来解决医疗不信任和经济障碍等具体障碍。
