ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa.
Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2021 May 4;17:187-194. doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S302168. eCollection 2021.
Ideal cardiovascular health behaviour (CVHB) measures four ideal health behaviours (non-smoking, body mass index <85th Percentile, healthy diet, and physical activity). This study aimed to determine the prevalence, distribution, and correlates of ideal CVHB among adolescents in the Caribbean.
Nationally representative cross-sectional data of 2016 or 2017 with complete CVHB measurements were analysed from 7556 school adolescents from four Caribbean countries.
The prevalence of 0-1 ideal metrics CVHB was 20.4%, 2 ideal metrics 48.7%, and 3-4 ideal metrics 30.8%. Only 5.0% had all 4 ideal CVHB metrics, 41.0% intermediate CVH (≥1 metric in the intermediate category and none in the poor category), and 54.0% had poor CVH (≥1 metric in poor category). In adjusted logistic regression analysis, compared to students from Dominican Republic, students from Jamaica (Adjusted Odds Ratio-AOR: 1.36, 95% confidence interval-CI: 1.01-1.85), students from Trinidad and Tobago (AOR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.17-1.82) and male sex (AOR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.11-1.64) were positively associated with meeting 3-4 ideal CVHB metrics. In addition, in unadjusted analysis, rarely or sometimes experiencing hunger was negatively and high peer and parent support were positively associated with meeting 3-4 ideal CVHB metrics.
The proportion of meeting 3-4 ideal CVHB metrics was low among adolescents in four Caribbean countries. Both high-risk and school-wide intervention programmes should be implemented in aiding to improve CVHB in Caribbean countries. Several factors associated with ideal CVHB were identified, which can be targeted in school health interventions.
理想心血管健康行为（CVHB）衡量四项理想健康行为（不吸烟、体重指数<85 百分位、健康饮食和身体活动）。本研究旨在确定加勒比地区青少年中理想 CVHB 的流行率、分布和相关因素。
对来自四个加勒比国家的 7556 名学校青少年的 2016 年或 2017 年具有完整 CVHB 测量值的全国代表性横断面数据进行分析。
0-1 项理想 CVHB 指标的流行率为 20.4%，2 项理想指标为 48.7%，3-4 项理想指标为 30.8%。仅有 5.0%的人具有所有 4 项理想 CVHB 指标，41.0%的人具有中等 CVH（在中等类别中至少有 1 项指标，而在较差类别中没有指标），54.0%的人具有较差 CVH（在较差类别中至少有 1 项指标）。在调整后的逻辑回归分析中，与来自多米尼加共和国的学生相比，来自牙买加的学生（调整后的优势比-AOR：1.36，95%置信区间-CI：1.01-1.85）、来自特立尼达和多巴哥的学生（AOR：1.46，95%CI：1.17-1.82）和男性（AOR：1.35，95%CI：1.11-1.64）与达到 3-4 项理想 CVHB 指标呈正相关。此外，在未调整分析中，偶尔或经常感到饥饿与达到 3-4 项理想 CVHB 指标呈负相关，而高同伴和家长支持与达到 3-4 项理想 CVHB 指标呈正相关。
在四个加勒比国家的青少年中，达到 3-4 项理想 CVHB 指标的比例较低。在帮助改善加勒比国家 CVHB 方面，应实施高风险和全校范围的干预计划。确定了与理想 CVHB 相关的几个因素，可以作为学校健康干预的目标。
