Puato Massimo, Zambon Alberto, Nardin Chiara, Faggin Elisabetta, Pesavento Raffaele, Spinazzè Alice, Pauletto Paolo, Rattazzi Marcello
Medicina, Ospedale di Mirano, Mirano, Italy.
Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Italy.
Cardiovasc Ther. 2021 Apr 22;2021:5546800. doi: 10.1155/2021/5546800. eCollection 2021.
A relevant role is emerging for functional foods in cardiovascular prevention. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a nutraceutical multitargeted approach on lipid profile and inflammatory markers along with vascular remodelling in a cohort of dyslipidemic subjects without history of cardiovascular (CV) disease.
We enrolled 25 subjects (mean age 48.2 years) with low to moderate CV risk profile and total cholesterol (TC) levels between 150 and 250 mg/dl. The patients were assigned to receive for one year a tablet/die of a nutraceutical combination containing red yeast rice (RYR) extract (Monacolin 3 mg/tablet) and coenzyme Q10 (30 mg/tablet). Treatment with the nutraceutical compounds led to a significant reduction of TC (from 227 to 201 mg/dl, < 0.001), LDL-c (from 150 to 130 mg/dl, = 0.001), triglycerides (from 121 to 109 mg/dl, = 0.013), non-HDL-cholesterol (from 168 to 141 mg/dl, < 0.001), hs-CRP (from 1.74 to 1.20 mg/l, = 0.015), and osteoprotegerin (from 1488 to 1328 pg/ml, = 0.045). Levels of HDL-c, Lp(a), glucose, liver enzyme, CPK, or creatinine did not change over time. An ultrasound study was performed to assess changes in mean carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and maximum IMT (M-MAX) as well as modification in local carotid stiffness by means of determining the carotid compliance coefficient (CC) and distensibility coefficient (DC). At the end of the treatment, we observed small but significant reductions in both mean-IMT (from 0.62 to 0.57 mm, = 0.022) and M-MAX (from 0.79 to 0.73 mm, = 0.002), and an improvement in carotid elasticity (DC from 22.4 to 24.3 × 10/kPa, = 0.006 and CC from 0.77 to 0.85 mm/kPa, = 0.019).
A long-term treatment with a combination of RYR and coenzyme Q10 showed lipid-lowering activity along with a reduction of inflammatory mediators and an improvement of vascular properties in young subjects with a low-to-moderate CV risk profile.
功能性食品在心血管疾病预防中正在发挥重要作用。本研究旨在评估一种营养保健品多靶点方法对一组无心血管（CV）疾病史的血脂异常患者的血脂谱、炎症标志物以及血管重塑的影响。
我们纳入了25名CV风险较低至中等、总胆固醇（TC）水平在150至250mg/dl之间的受试者（平均年龄48.2岁）。患者被分配接受为期一年的含有红曲米（RYR）提取物（每片含莫纳可林3mg）和辅酶Q10（每片30mg）的营养保健品组合片剂/日剂量。使用这些营养保健品化合物进行治疗导致TC显著降低（从227mg/dl降至201mg/dl，P<0.001），低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）（从150mg/dl降至130mg/dl，P = 0.001），甘油三酯（从第121mg/dl降至109mg/dl，P = 0.013），非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（从168mg/dl降至141mg/dl，P<0.001），高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）（从1.74mg/l降至1.20mg/l，P = 0.015），以及骨保护素（从1488pg/ml降至1328pg/ml，P = 0.045）。高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）、脂蛋白（a）[Lp(a)]、血糖、肝酶、肌酸磷酸激酶（CPK）或肌酐水平随时间未发生变化。进行了一项超声研究，以通过测定颈动脉顺应性系数（CC）和扩张性系数（DC）来评估平均颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）和最大IMT（M-MAX）的变化以及局部颈动脉僵硬度的改变。治疗结束时，我们观察到平均IMT（从0.62mm降至0.57mm，P = 0.022）和M-MAX（从0.79mm降至0.73mm，P = 0.002）均有小幅但显著降低，并且颈动脉弹性有所改善（DC从22.4×10/kPa增至24.3×10/kPa，P = 0.006，CC从0.77mm/kPa增至0.85mm/kPa，P = 0.019）。
RYR与辅酶Q10联合进行长期治疗显示出在CV风险较低至中等的年轻受试者中具有降脂活性，同时可降低炎症介质水平并改善血管特性。
