Mazza Alberto, Lenti Salvatore, Schiavon Laura, Zuin Marco, D'Avino Maria, Ramazzina Emilio, Casiglia Edoardo
Hypertension Centre and Department of Internal Medicine, Santa Maria della Misericordia General Hospital, AULSS 18, Rovigo, Italy,
Adv Ther. 2015 Jul;32(7):680-90. doi: 10.1007/s12325-015-0229-x. Epub 2015 Jul 23.
Primary cardiovascular (CV) prevention may be achieved by lifestyle/nutrition changes, although a relevant role is now emerging for specific, functional foods and nutraceutical compounds (NCs). The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of NCs in lowering blood pressure (BP) and improving lipid profile, when added to diet and lifestyle management versus diet alone in a group of patients with hypertension (HT) and hypercholesterolemia (HCh) with low CV risk.
Sixty-six patients with HT and HCh with grade 1 essential HT (mean age 56.0 ± 4.6 years) without history of CV diseases or organ damage were analyzed. These subjects were started on one tablet of an NC-containing red yeast rice, policosanol, berberine, folic acid and coenzyme Q10 once daily for 6 months and were age and gender matched with subjects following a diet program. Differences in clinic BP, 24-h ambulatory BP (24 h-ABPM), serum total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C) and triglyceride values were compared by analysis of variance.
In the treatment group, a significant reduction of systolic 24 h-ABPM (141.6 ± 6.4 vs. 136.2 ± 4.8 mmHg; p < 0.05) and pulse pressure 24 h-ABPM (52.6 ± 7.2 vs. 47.3 ± 5.4 mmHg; p < 0.05) was found at the end of follow-up. A reduction of total cholesterol (-19.2%), LDL-C (-17.4%) and triglycerides (-16.3%) was observed (p < 0.001 for all); HDL-C remained unchanged. No difference was found in the control group.
The tested NCs was found to be safe, well tolerated and effective in reducing mean 24-h systolic and 24-h pulse pressure and in improving lipid pattern.
尽管特定的功能性食品和营养化合物（NCs）目前正发挥着重要作用，但通过生活方式/营养改变也可实现原发性心血管（CV）预防。本研究的目的是在一组低心血管风险的高血压（HT）和高胆固醇血症（HCh）患者中，探讨在饮食和生活方式管理基础上加用NCs与单纯饮食相比，降低血压（BP）和改善血脂谱的疗效及安全性。
分析66例1级原发性高血压（平均年龄56.0±4.6岁）且无心血管疾病或器官损害病史的HT和HCh患者。这些受试者开始每日服用一片含NCs的红曲米、多廿烷醇、黄连素、叶酸和辅酶Q10，持续6个月，并与遵循饮食计划的受试者进行年龄和性别匹配。通过方差分析比较临床血压、24小时动态血压（24h-ABPM）、血清总胆固醇、低密度和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C和HDL-C）以及甘油三酯值的差异。
在治疗组中，随访结束时发现24小时动态收缩压（141.6±6.4 vs. 136.2±4.8 mmHg；p<0.05）和24小时动态脉压（52.6±7.2 vs. 47.3±5.4 mmHg；p<0.05）显著降低。总胆固醇（-19.2%）、LDL-C（-17.4%）和甘油三酯（-16.3%）均有所降低（所有p<0.001）；HDL-C保持不变。对照组未发现差异。
经测试的NCs被发现安全、耐受性良好，且在降低24小时平均收缩压和24小时脉压以及改善血脂模式方面有效。
