Golzarand Mahdieh, Bahadoran Zahra, Mirmiran Parvin, Azizi Fereidoun
Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Food Funct. 2021 May 11;12(9):4072-4078. doi: 10.1039/d0fo03208e.
The evidence for a linkage between dietary intake of choline and betaine, a choline metabolism product, and the risk of hypertension (HTN) is limited. The current population-based cohort study was designed to investigate the possible association between dietary intake of choline and betaine with the risk of HTN in adults. This cohort study was conducted on the participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). Dietary intake of choline and betaine was calculated using the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) database. Hypertension was diagnosed as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg or used drugs to treat hypotension. In this study, 2865 subjects participated and followed-up for a median of 7.4 years. During the follow-up period, 623 patients with hypertension (22.1%) were detected. Our results revealed per every 100 mg increased dietary intake of choline, the risk of developing HTN decreased by 16% (0.84; 95% CI: 0.74 to 0.96, P for trend = 0.009). No significant association was observed between habitual dietary intake of betaine and the risk of HTN (1.10; 95% CI: 0.88 to 1.38, P for trend = 0.21). After stratification based on age, sex, and BMI, each 100 mg per d increase in dietary choline decreased the risk of HTN occurrence in subjects younger than 55 years old by 17% (0.83; 95% CI: 0.71 to 0.96) and men by 21% (0.79; 95% CI: 0.66 to 0.95). The current study's findings provide further support to confirm the protective properties of choline and choline-rich foods against HTN.
胆碱和甜菜碱（一种胆碱代谢产物）的膳食摄入量与高血压（HTN）风险之间存在关联的证据有限。当前这项基于人群的队列研究旨在调查成年人中胆碱和甜菜碱的膳食摄入量与HTN风险之间可能存在的关联。这项队列研究是针对德黑兰血脂与血糖研究（TLGS）的参与者开展的。胆碱和甜菜碱的膳食摄入量是使用美国农业部（USDA）数据库计算得出的。高血压的诊断标准为收缩压≥140 mmHg或舒张压≥90 mmHg，或使用降压药物。在本研究中，2865名受试者参与并随访了7.4年的中位数时间。在随访期间，检测到623例高血压患者（22.1%）。我们的研究结果显示，胆碱的膳食摄入量每增加100 mg，发生HTN的风险降低16%（0.84；95%置信区间：0.74至0.96，趋势P值=0.009）。未观察到甜菜碱的习惯性膳食摄入量与HTN风险之间存在显著关联（1.10；95%置信区间：0.88至1.38，趋势P值=0.21）。在根据年龄、性别和BMI进行分层后，膳食胆碱每日每增加100 mg，55岁以下受试者发生HTN的风险降低17%（0.83；95%置信区间：0.71至0.96），男性降低21%（0.79；95%置信区间：0.66至0.95）。当前研究结果为证实胆碱及富含胆碱的食物对HTN的保护作用提供了进一步支持。
