Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Pediatr Radiol. 2021 Nov;51(12):2396-2407. doi: 10.1007/s00247-020-04853-4. Epub 2021 May 12.
There is growing interest in the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in diagnostic and interventional radiology. CEUS applications in interventional radiology are performed with intravascular or intracavitary administration of microbubble-based US contrast agents to allow for real-time evaluation of their distribution within the vascular bed or in body cavities, respectively, providing additional information beyond gray-scale US alone. The most common interventional-radiology-related CEUS applications in children have been extrapolated from those in adults, and they include the use of CEUS to guide lesion biopsy and to confirm drain placement in pleural effusions and intra-abdominal fluid collections. Other applications are emerging in interventional radiology for use in adults and children, including CEUS to optimize sclerotherapy of vascular malformations, to guide arthrography, and for lymphatic interventions. In this review article we present a wide range of interventional-radiology-related CEUS applications, emphasizing the current and potential uses in children. We highlight the technical parameters of the CEUS examination and discuss the main imaging findings.
人们对使用对比增强超声（CEUS）在诊断和介入放射学中的应用越来越感兴趣。介入放射学中的 CEUS 应用是通过向血管内或体腔内给予基于微泡的超声对比剂来进行的，分别允许实时评估它们在血管床内或体腔中的分布，从而提供比单纯灰阶超声更多的信息。儿科中最常见的与介入放射学相关的 CEUS 应用是从成人中推断出来的，包括使用 CEUS 引导病变活检，并确认胸腔积液和腹腔积液中引流管的放置。其他应用也在介入放射学中出现，包括用于优化血管畸形硬化治疗、引导关节造影以及用于淋巴介入的 CEUS。在这篇综述文章中，我们介绍了广泛的与介入放射学相关的 CEUS 应用，强调了其在儿童中的当前和潜在用途。我们强调了 CEUS 检查的技术参数，并讨论了主要的成像发现。
