South-East Zoo Alliance for Reproduction & Conservation, Yulee, FL, 32097, USA.
University of Delaware, Center for Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE, 19713, USA.
Sci Rep. 2021 May 13;11(1):9966. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88568-y.
Non-lethal methods for semen collection from elasmobranchs to better understand species reproduction has accompanied the development of artificial insemination. Ejaculates (n = 82) collected from whitespotted bamboo sharks Chiloscyllium plagiosum (n = 19) were assessed and cold-stored raw or extended at 4 °C. Females (n = 20) were inseminated with fresh or 24-48 h cold-stored raw or extended semen and paternity of offspring determined with microsatellite markers. Insemination of females with fresh semen (n = 10) resulted in 80 hatchlings and 27.6% fertility. Insemination of females with semen cold-stored 24 h (n = 4) and 48 h (n = 1) semen resulted in 17 hatchlings and fertilization rates of 28.1% and 7.1% respectively. Two females inseminated with fresh or cold-stored semen laid eggs that hatched from fertilization and parthenogenesis within the same clutch. Parthenogenesis rate for inseminated females was 0.71%. Results demonstrate artificial insemination with cold-stored semen can provide a strategy for transport of male genetics nationally and internationally, precluding the need to transport sharks. Production of parthenotes in the same clutch as sexually fertilized eggs highlights the prevalence of parthenogenesis in whitespotted bamboo sharks and poses important considerations for population management.
为了更好地了解物种繁殖，人们开发了人工授精技术，同时也发展了从鲨鱼中采集非致命精液的方法。本研究采集了白斑狗鲛（Chiloscyllium plagiosum）的精液（n = 82），并对其进行了评估，然后在 4°C 下进行了新鲜或延长储存。用新鲜或 24-48 小时储存的新鲜或延长储存的精液对 20 只雌性个体进行了人工授精，并通过微卫星标记确定了后代的亲代。对 10 只雌性个体进行新鲜精液授精，产生了 80 只幼鲨，受精率为 27.6%。对 4 只和 1 只雌性个体进行 24 小时和 48 小时储存的精液授精，分别产生了 17 只幼鲨，受精率分别为 28.1%和 7.1%。两只用新鲜或储存的精液授精的雌性个体产下的卵，在同一窝中既通过受精也通过孤雌生殖孵化。授精雌性个体的孤雌生殖率为 0.71%。结果表明，储存精液的人工授精可以为雄性遗传物质的国内和国际运输提供一种策略，避免了运输鲨鱼的需要。在同一窝中同时产生受精卵和孤雌生殖卵，突出了白斑狗鲛孤雌生殖的普遍性，这对种群管理提出了重要的考虑因素。
