State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.
Department of Tuberculosis Ward, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan, China.
Am J Prev Med. 2021 Sep;61(3):e119-e126. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.02.025. Epub 2021 Apr 12.
The potential for Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination to mitigate COVID-19 severity and perhaps infection susceptibility has been hypothesized, attracting global attention given its off-target benefits shown in several respiratory viral infections.
In this retrospective study, patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, China were categorized into Bacille Calmette-Guerin‒vaccinated and nonvaccinated groups. Clinical records, demography, laboratory results, and chest computed tomography scans were extracted from electronic medical records and compared between the 2 groups.
No adverse events were observed, except for an increased frequency of chills in the Bacille Calmette-Guerin‒vaccinated group compared with that in the unvaccinated group (p=0.014). There were no significant differences in oxygen demand for breathing, computed tomography scans, treatments, or outcomes between the 2 groups. However, Bacille Calmette-Guerin‒vaccinated group had significantly less severe pneumonia (p=0.028) and milder deficiency in liver function, consistent with a lower death rate than in the unvaccinated group.
Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination received in childhood is associated with less severe COVID-19 pneumonia and milder liver function deficiency in addition to a lower death rate in Bacille Calmette-Guerin‒vaccinated patients than in nonvaccinated individuals.
卡介苗接种减轻 COVID-19 严重程度和感染易感性的潜力已被假设，鉴于其在几种呼吸道病毒感染中的非靶向益处，引起了全球关注。
在这项回顾性研究中，将中国武汉肺科医院实验室确诊的 COVID-19 患者分为卡介苗接种组和未接种组。从电子病历中提取临床记录、人口统计学、实验室结果和胸部计算机断层扫描，并对两组进行比较。
除卡介苗接种组比未接种组寒战频率增加（p=0.014）外，未观察到不良反应。两组之间的呼吸氧气需求、计算机断层扫描、治疗或结局均无显著差异。然而，卡介苗接种组的肺炎明显较轻（p=0.028），肝功能轻度不足，死亡率低于未接种组。
儿童时期接种卡介苗与 COVID-19 肺炎较轻和肝功能轻度不足以及卡介苗接种组的死亡率低于未接种组有关。
