Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA.
Sci Rep. 2021 May 13;11(1):10254. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89830-z.
We previously reported the development of an osteogenic bone filler scaffold consisting of degradable polyurethane, hydroxyapatite, and decellularized bovine bone particles. The current study was aimed at evaluating the use of this scaffold as a means of local antibiotic delivery to prevent infection in a bone defect contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus. We evaluated two scaffold formulations with the same component ratios but differing overall porosity and surface area. Studies with vancomycin, daptomycin, and gentamicin confirmed that antibiotic uptake was concentration dependent and that increased porosity correlated with increased uptake and prolonged antibiotic release. We also demonstrate that vancomycin can be passively loaded into either formulation in sufficient concentration to prevent infection in a rabbit model of a contaminated segmental bone defect. Moreover, even in those few cases in which complete eradication was not achieved, the number of viable bacteria in the bone was significantly reduced by treatment and there was no radiographic evidence of osteomyelitis. Radiographs and microcomputed tomography (µCT) analysis from the in vivo studies also suggested that the addition of vancomycin did not have any significant effect on the scaffold itself. These results demonstrate the potential utility of our bone regeneration scaffold for local antibiotic delivery to prevent infection in contaminated bone defects.
我们之前报道了一种由可降解聚氨酯、羟基磷灰石和脱细胞牛骨颗粒组成的成骨骨填充支架的开发。本研究旨在评估该支架作为局部抗生素递送的一种手段，以预防金黄色葡萄球菌污染的骨缺损感染。我们评估了两种具有相同成分比例但总孔隙率和表面积不同的支架配方。万古霉素、达托霉素和庆大霉素的研究证实，抗生素摄取与浓度有关，增加孔隙率与增加摄取和延长抗生素释放有关。我们还证明，万古霉素可以被动加载到两种配方中的任何一种中，以防止兔模型中污染的节段性骨缺损感染。此外，即使在没有完全根除的少数情况下，经治疗后骨内活菌数量显著减少，且没有骨髓炎的放射学证据。来自体内研究的射线照片和微计算机断层扫描（µCT）分析还表明，万古霉素的添加对支架本身没有任何显著影响。这些结果表明，我们的骨再生支架具有局部抗生素递送的潜力，可用于预防污染性骨缺损感染。
