Liao Ai-Ho, Huang Yu-Jhen, Chuang Ho-Chiao, Wang Chih-Hung, Shih Cheng-Ping, Chiang Chien-Ping
Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Apr 27;12:668754. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.668754. eCollection 2021.
Lysozyme (Lyz) is an antimicrobial peptide, a safe adjunct, and it has been indicated that Lyz can promote vibrissae follicle growth by enhancing the hair-inductive capacity of dermal papilla cells in mice. The present study produced a new type of minoxidil (Mx)-coated antifungal Lyz-shelled microbubble (LyzMB) for inhibiting bacteria and allergies on the oily scalp. The potential of Mx-coated LyzMBs (Mx-LyzMBs) combined with ultrasound (US) and the role of LyzMB fragments in enhancing hair follicle growth were investigated. Mx grafted with LyzMBs were synthesized and the loading efficiency of Mx on cationic LyzMBs was 20.3%. The biological activity of Lyz in skin was determined using an activity assay kit and immunohistochemistry expression, and the activities in the US+Mx-LyzMBs group were 65.8 and 118.5 μU/mL at 6 and 18 h, respectively. In hair follicle cell culture experiments, the lengths of hair follicle cells were significantly enhanced in the US+Mx-LyzMBs group (108.2 ± 11.6 μm) compared to in the US+LyzMBs+Mx group (44.3 ± 9.8 μm) and the group with Mx alone (79.6 ± 12.0 μm) on day 2 ( < 0.001). During 21 days of treatment in animal experiments, the growth rates at days 10 and 14 in the US+Mx-LyzMBs group increased by 19.4 and 65.7%, respectively, and there were significant differences ( < 0.05) between the US+Mx-LyzMBs group and the other four groups. These findings indicate that 1-MHz US (applied at 3 W/cm, acoustic pressure = 0.266 MPa) for 1 min combined with Mx-LyzMBs can significantly increase more penetration of Mx and LyzMB fragments into skin and enhance hair growth than Mx alone.
溶菌酶（Lyz）是一种抗菌肽，一种安全的辅助剂，并且已经表明Lyz可以通过增强小鼠真皮乳头细胞的毛发诱导能力来促进触须毛囊生长。本研究制备了一种新型的米诺地尔（Mx）包被的抗真菌Lyz壳微泡（LyzMB），用于抑制油性头皮上的细菌和过敏反应。研究了Mx包被的LyzMB（Mx-LyzMB）联合超声（US）的潜力以及LyzMB片段在促进毛囊生长中的作用。合成了接枝有LyzMB的Mx，Mx在阳离子LyzMB上的负载效率为20.3%。使用活性测定试剂盒和免疫组织化学表达来测定皮肤中Lyz的生物活性，在US+Mx-LyzMBs组中，6小时和18小时的活性分别为65.8和118.5μU/mL。在毛囊细胞培养实验中，与第2天的US+LyzMBs+Mx组（44.3±9.8μm）和单独使用Mx的组（79.6±12.0μm）相比，US+Mx-LyzMBs组（108.2±11.6μm）的毛囊细胞长度显著增加（<0.001）。在动物实验的21天治疗期间，US+Mx-LyzMBs组在第10天和第14天的生长速率分别提高了19.4%和65.7%，并且US+Mx-LyzMBs组与其他四组之间存在显著差异（<0.05）。这些发现表明，1分钟的1-MHz超声（以3W/cm施加，声压=0.266MPa）联合Mx-LyzMBs比单独使用Mx能显著增加Mx和LyzMB片段对皮肤的更多渗透并促进头发生长。
