益生菌赋予鱼类抗病能力的作用机制。
Mechanisms Used by Probiotics to Confer Pathogen Resistance to Teleost Fish.
机构信息
Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain.
出版信息
Front Immunol. 2021 Apr 27;12:653025. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.653025. eCollection 2021.
Abstract
Probiotics have been defined as live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits to the host. The use of probiotics in aquaculture is an attractive bio-friendly method to decrease the impact of infectious diseases, but is still not an extended practice. Although many studies have investigated the systemic and mucosal immunological effects of probiotics, not all of them have established whether they were actually capable of increasing resistance to different types of pathogens, being this the outmost desired goal. In this sense, in the current paper, we have summarized those experiments in which probiotics were shown to provide increased resistance against bacterial, viral or parasitic pathogens. Additionally, we have reviewed what is known for fish probiotics regarding the mechanisms through which they exert positive effects on pathogen resistance, including direct actions on the pathogen, as well as positive effects on the host.
摘要
益生菌被定义为活的微生物，当以足够的量使用时，会赋予宿主健康益处。在水产养殖中使用益生菌是一种有吸引力的生物友好方法，可以减少传染病的影响，但仍未广泛应用。尽管许多研究已经调查了益生菌对全身和粘膜免疫的影响，但并非所有研究都确定它们实际上是否能够提高对不同类型病原体的抵抗力，这是最理想的目标。在这方面，在当前的论文中，我们总结了那些表明益生菌能够提供对细菌、病毒或寄生虫病原体的抵抗力增加的实验。此外，我们还回顾了关于鱼类益生菌的已知知识，包括它们对病原体抵抗力产生积极影响的机制，包括对病原体的直接作用以及对宿主的积极作用。
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