Contente Diogo, Díaz-Formoso Lara, Feito Javier, Gómez-Sala Beatriz, Costas Damián, Hernández Pablo E, Muñoz-Atienza Estefanía, Borrero Juan, Poeta Patrícia, Cintas Luis M
Grupo de Seguridad y Calidad de los Alimentos por Bacterias Lácticas, Bacteriocinas y Probióticos (SEGA-BALBP), Sección Departamental de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.
Animals (Basel). 2024 May 9;14(10):1415. doi: 10.3390/ani14101415.
Aquaculture is a rapidly expanding agri-food industry that faces substantial economic losses due to infectious disease outbreaks, such as bacterial infections. These outbreaks cause disruptions and high mortalities at various stages of the rearing process, especially in the larval stages. Probiotic bacteria are emerging as promising and sustainable alternative or complementary strategies to vaccination and the use of antibiotics in aquaculture. In this study, potential probiotic candidates for larviculture were isolated from a rotifer-rearing tank used as the first live feed for turbot larvae. Two and two isolates were selected for further characterization due to their wide and strong antimicrobial activity against several ichthyopathogens, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative. An extensive in vitro safety assessment of these four isolates revealed the absence of harmful traits, such as acquired antimicrobial resistance and other virulence factors (i.e., hemolytic and gelatinase activities, bile salt deconjugation, and mucin degradation, as well as PCR detection of biogenic amine production). Moreover, Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR) analyses unveiled their genetic relatedness, revealing two divergent clusters within each species. To our knowledge, this work reports for the first time the isolation and characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) with potential use as probiotics in aquaculture from rotifer-rearing tanks, which have the potential to optimize turbot larviculture and to introduce novel microbial management approaches for a sustainable aquaculture.
水产养殖是一个迅速扩张的农业食品产业，由于传染病爆发，如细菌感染，该产业面临着巨大的经济损失。这些疫情在养殖过程的各个阶段都会造成干扰和高死亡率，尤其是在幼体阶段。益生菌正成为水产养殖中疫苗接种和使用抗生素的有前景且可持续的替代或补充策略。在本研究中，从用作大菱鲆幼体的第一种活饲料的轮虫养殖池中分离出了用于幼体养殖的潜在益生菌候选菌株。由于对几种革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性鱼类病原体具有广泛且强大的抗菌活性，选择了两株和两株分离株进行进一步表征。对这四株分离株进行的广泛体外安全性评估表明，它们不存在有害特征，如获得性抗菌抗性和其他毒力因子（即溶血和明胶酶活性、胆盐去结合、粘蛋白降解以及生物胺产生的PCR检测）。此外，肠杆菌重复基因间共识PCR（ERIC-PCR）分析揭示了它们的遗传相关性，显示每个物种内有两个不同的簇。据我们所知，这项工作首次报道了从轮虫养殖池中分离和表征具有水产养殖中益生菌潜在用途的乳酸菌，这有可能优化大菱鲆幼体养殖，并为可持续水产养殖引入新的微生物管理方法。
