Tsegaw Hilina, Yimam Mohammed, Nureye Dejen, Woldeselassie Workineh, Hambisa Solomon
School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Teferi, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Brehan University, Debre Brehan, Ethiopia.
Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci. 2021 Apr 20;2021:6690622. doi: 10.1155/2021/6690622. eCollection 2021.
Pneumonia remains the leading cause of hospitalization and mortality in young children in low- and middle-income countries. This study is aimed to assess predictors of treatment outcomes among pediatric patients hospitalized with pneumonia in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
A facility-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among pediatric patients admitted with pneumonia, considering patient medical charts recorded for a 1-year period from February 2017 to February 2018. The sample size was computed based on a single population proportion formula and giving a total sample size of 207. The systematic random sampling method was employed to select patient cards from the sampling frame. The data extraction format was used to extract any relevant information from patient chart. The processed data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 21). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the patients' baseline characteristics and related information. The logistic regression model was fitted to determine factors associated with treatment outcomes. To identify predictors of poor treatment outcome, the level of significance was set at < 0.05.
From a total of 207 patient charts reviewed, more than half (55.6%) of the study participants were males. Majority of patients, 130 (62.8%), were in the age range of 1 month-11 months. Furthermore, 191 (92.3%) patients had good treatment outcome. Patients who treated with ceftriaxone + azithromycin were less likely to have poor treatment outcome compared with patients who were placed on crystalline penicillin (AOR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.01-0.83). On the contrary, patients who stayed ≥ 8 days were about 14.3 times more likely to have poor treatment outcome compared with patients who stayed ≤ 3 days (AOR = 14.3, 95% CI 1.35-151.1).
Even though the study revealed good treatment outcome among the pediatric patients, particular consideration should be given to children in need of other interventions.
在低收入和中等收入国家，肺炎仍然是幼儿住院和死亡的主要原因。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴提库尔安贝萨专科医院因肺炎住院的儿科患者治疗结果的预测因素。
对因肺炎入院的儿科患者进行了一项基于机构的回顾性横断面研究，研究对象为2017年2月至2018年2月期间记录的患者病历。样本量根据单总体比例公式计算得出，总样本量为207例。采用系统随机抽样方法从抽样框中选取患者卡片。使用数据提取格式从患者病历中提取任何相关信息。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS，版本21）对处理后的数据进行分析。描述性统计用于总结患者的基线特征和相关信息。采用逻辑回归模型确定与治疗结果相关的因素。为了确定治疗效果不佳的预测因素，显著性水平设定为<0.05。
在总共审查的207份患者病历中，超过一半（55.6%）的研究参与者为男性。大多数患者，即130例（62.8%），年龄在1个月至11个月之间。此外，191例（92.3%）患者治疗效果良好。与使用结晶青霉素的患者相比，使用头孢曲松+阿奇霉素治疗的患者治疗效果不佳的可能性较小（比值比=0.86，95%置信区间0.01-0.83）。相反，住院≥8天的患者与住院≤3天的患者相比，治疗效果不佳的可能性高出约14.3倍（比值比=14.3，95%置信区间1.35-151.1）。
尽管该研究显示儿科患者的治疗效果良好，但对于需要其他干预措施的儿童应给予特别关注。
