Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Health Protection, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Zoonoses Public Health. 2021 Sep;68(6):609-621. doi: 10.1111/zph.12849. Epub 2021 May 13.
Salmonellosis is one of several zoonotic diseases for which individuals with occupational animal contact, including abattoir workers, are at an increased risk. If meat is contaminated during slaughter, this can increase the risk of enteric illness for consumers. In this study, we investigated whether reported cases of Salmonella Heidelberg and Typhimurium were clustered around abattoirs in Ontario in 2015 and whether there was any evidence (laboratory/exposure) to suggest an abattoir at the centre of a cluster might be the source of exposure. Data for each reported case of S. Heidelberg and S. Typhimurium in Ontario in 2015 were collected. Multi-focused and non-focused spatial and space-time cluster detection tests were performed for each serotype, with and without cases linked to known outbreaks, using Poisson and space-time permutation models. Focused tests included the location of abattoirs operational in all or part of 2015. Laboratory data and exposure information were used to explore the relatedness of cases within identified clusters. Focused spatial tests identified clusters of S. Heidelberg and S. Typhimurium around abattoirs. Focused space-time permutation tests identified 2 significant space-time clusters of S. Heidelberg; one cluster (n = 11 cases) included 8 of 9 cases associated with a known outbreak and the other cluster (n = 18 cases) was not part of a previously identified outbreak. Review of laboratory and risk factor information suggested that cases within each cluster shared a common exposure. Cases were not asked about goat or sheep meat consumption. The focused cluster test, particularly with the space-time permutation model, could assist in identifying outbreaks associated with a particular physical location, such as an abattoir. Improvements to the current case investigation process, such as consistent collection and reporting of high-risk occupation information and more detailed food consumption history, could assist in outbreak identification when coupled with this statistic.
沙门氏菌病是几种人畜共患病之一，从事动物接触职业的人，包括屠宰场工人，患病风险增加。如果在屠宰过程中肉被污染，这可能会增加消费者患肠道疾病的风险。在这项研究中，我们调查了 2015 年安大略省报告的海德堡沙门氏菌和都柏林沙门氏菌病例是否集中在屠宰场周围，以及是否有任何证据（实验室/暴露）表明处于集群中心的屠宰场可能是暴露源。收集了 2015 年安大略省每一例报告的海德堡沙门氏菌和都柏林沙门氏菌病例的数据。对每种血清型进行了多焦点和非焦点空间和时空集群检测测试，包括与已知暴发相关的病例和不相关的病例，使用泊松和时空置换模型。焦点测试包括 2015 年全年或部分时间运营的屠宰场的位置。实验室数据和暴露信息用于探索已识别集群中病例之间的相关性。有针对性的空间测试确定了屠宰场周围的海德堡沙门氏菌和都柏林沙门氏菌集群。有针对性的时空置换测试确定了 2 个海德堡沙门氏菌的显著时空集群；一个集群（n=11 例）包括 9 例与已知暴发相关的病例中的 8 例，另一个集群（n=18 例）不属于先前确定的暴发。对实验室和危险因素信息的审查表明，每个集群内的病例具有共同的暴露源。病例未被问及是否食用山羊或绵羊肉。有针对性的集群测试，特别是时空置换模型，可以帮助识别与特定物理位置相关的暴发，例如屠宰场。改进当前的病例调查过程，例如一致收集和报告高危职业信息以及更详细的食物消费史，在结合这种统计数据时，有助于暴发的识别。
