Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.
Neuroscience & Behavior Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.
J Genet Psychol. 2021 Jul-Aug;182(4):269-288. doi: 10.1080/00221325.2021.1916732. Epub 2021 May 14.
Bedsharing (sharing a bed with others during sleep) in early childhood (3-5 years old) is common across Western and non-Western societies alike. Though prior work indicates that bedsharing may relate to impairments in child sleep quantity or quality, the majority of studies conducted in young children are limited to parent-child bedsharing and rely almost exclusively on caregiver reports to measure child sleep. Here, the authors endeavored to gain further insights into the diversity of bedsharing practices among children in the United States, including how different bedsharing partners (caregivers, siblings) might impact actigraphy-derived measures of children's sleep. Using a sample of 631 children ages 2:9 to 5:11 years, we found that over 36% of children bedshared in some form overnight, with approximately 22% bedsharing habitually. In a subset of children for whom actigraphy measures were collected ( = 337), children who bedshared habitually ( = 80) had significantly shorter overnight sleep, later sleep and wake times, and longer naps than solitary sleepers ( = 257), even when controlling for socioeconomic status. Despite supplementing their shorter overnight sleep with longer naps, habitually bedsharing children had significantly shorter 24-hr sleep time than did solitary sleepers, though differences in sleep efficiency were nonsignificant for all sleep periods. Additionally, sleep efficiency, onset latency, and duration did not differ between children who habitually bedshared with siblings versus those who habitually bedshared with parents. The present results add to prior work examining family contextual correlates of sleep differences in early childhood and provide a more objective account of relations between bedsharing and child sleep.
婴幼儿（3-5 岁）与他人同床共枕（睡眠时睡在同一张床上）在西方和非西方社会都很常见。尽管先前的研究表明同床共枕可能与儿童睡眠量或质的受损有关，但在幼儿中进行的大多数研究仅限于父母与子女同床共枕，并且几乎完全依赖照顾者的报告来衡量儿童睡眠。在这里，作者努力更深入地了解美国儿童同床共枕的不同实践，包括不同的同床共枕伙伴（照顾者、兄弟姐妹）如何影响基于活动记录仪的儿童睡眠测量。使用年龄在 2 岁 9 个月至 5 岁 11 个月的 631 名儿童的样本，我们发现超过 36%的儿童以某种形式在夜间同床共枕，约 22%的儿童习惯性同床共枕。在收集了活动记录仪测量值的儿童亚组中（n=337），习惯性同床共枕的儿童（n=80）的夜间总睡眠时间、入睡和醒来时间以及午睡时间明显短于独自睡觉的儿童（n=257），即使在控制了社会经济地位的情况下也是如此。尽管习惯性同床共枕的儿童通过延长午睡来补充夜间睡眠时间，但他们的 24 小时总睡眠时间明显短于独自睡觉的儿童，尽管所有睡眠阶段的睡眠效率差异均无统计学意义。此外，习惯性同床共枕的儿童与兄弟姐妹同床共枕的儿童与与父母同床共枕的儿童之间，在睡眠效率、入睡潜伏期和持续时间方面没有差异。本研究结果增加了先前关于家庭环境与幼儿睡眠差异相关的研究，并为同床共枕与儿童睡眠之间的关系提供了更客观的解释。
