Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
Physiol Behav. 2021 Sep 1;238:113456. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113456. Epub 2021 May 11.
Food intake is tightly controlled by homeostatic signals sensitive to metabolic need for the regulation of body weight. This review focuses on the peripherally-secreted gastrointestinal peptides (i.e., ghrelin, cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide 1, and peptide tyrosine tyrosine) that contribute to the control of appetite and discusses how these peptides or the signals arising from their release are disrupted in eating-related disorders across the weight spectrum, namely anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and obesity, and whether they are normalized following weight restoration or weight loss treatment. Further, the role of gut peptides in the pathogenesis and treatment response in human weight conditions as identified by rodent models are discussed. Lastly, we review the incretin- and hormone-based pharmacotherapies available for the treatment of obesity and eating-related disorders.
食物摄入受到对体重调节的代谢需求敏感的体内平衡信号的严格控制。本综述重点介绍了外周分泌的胃肠肽（即胃饥饿素、胆囊收缩素、胰高血糖素样肽 1 和酪酪肽），它们有助于控制食欲，并讨论了这些肽或它们释放产生的信号在厌食症、神经性贪食症和肥胖症等各种与体重相关的疾病中的紊乱情况，以及它们在体重恢复或减肥治疗后是否恢复正常。此外，还讨论了通过啮齿动物模型确定的肠肽在人类体重状况的发病机制和治疗反应中的作用。最后，我们回顾了用于治疗肥胖症和与饮食相关障碍的基于肠促胰岛素和激素的药物疗法。
