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术前放疗对于局部晚期低位直肠癌亚组患者的盆侧控制作用不足:一项随机对照试验的事后研究。

The Addition of Preoperative Radiation Is Insufficient for Lateral Pelvic Control in a Subgroup of Patients With Low Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Post Hoc Study of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

机构信息

Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

出版信息

Dis Colon Rectum. 2021 Nov 1;64(11):1321-1330. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001935.


DOI:10.1097/DCR.0000000000001935
PMID:33990500
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The local recurrence of rectal cancer has been improved by total mesorectal excision following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. However, in patients with low locally advanced rectal cancer, lateral pelvic recurrence remains to be addressed. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the efficiency of neoadjuvant radiotherapy in addressing lateral pelvic recurrence and which subgroup of patients might be optimal to receive lateral lymph node dissection. DESIGN: The MRI/CT images were reassessed for lateral lymph node status. The lateral lymph nodes with short axis ≥5 mm and ≥4 mm were considered positive in pretreatment and restaging MRI/CT. SETTING: This was a post hoc analysis of a prospective randomized controlled trial (FOWARC, NCT01211210). PATIENTS: A total of 495 patients with stage II or III rectal adenocarcinoma were included in the original trial. According to the excluding criteria, the finally included population consists of 253 patients; of these, 195 patients received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and 94 received chemotherapy alone. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was the 5-year lateral pelvic recurrence rate. RESULTS: Compared with patients receiving chemotherapy alone, patients receiving additional radiotherapy had a marginal significance of lower lateral pelvic recurrence rate (6.6% vs 13.0%; p = 0.051). In the subset with pretreatment positive lateral lymph nodes, patients had a lateral pelvic recurrence rate of 22.6% and 45.1% after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and chemotherapy alone. Of note, 34.9% of the pretreatment positive lateral lymph nodes were persistent after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, culminating in a lateral pelvic recurrence rate of 63.3%. LIMITATIONS: This is a post hoc analysis, and only the patients from the leading center were included, which limited the sample size. In addition, the lateral lymph node dissection was not performed in this cohort. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of radiotherapy in neoadjuvant regimens could not address lateral pelvic recurrence adequately. Some subgroups of patients might need additional dissection. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B613. LA INCLUSION DE LA RADIOTERAPIA PREOPERATORIA ES INSUFICIIENTE EN EL CONTROL PLVICO LATERAL EN UN SUBGRUPO DE PACIENTES CON CNCER DE RECTO INFERIOR LOCALMENTE AVANZADO UN ESTUDIO POSTHOC CONTROLADO Y RANDOMIZADO: ANTECEDENTES:La recurrencia local del cancer de recto ha disminuido al efectuar una excision mesorrectal total seguida de quimioradioterapia neoadyuvante. No obstante, en pacientes con cancer de tercio inferior de recto avanzado localmente, aún está por controlarse la recurrencia pélvicaOBJETIVOS:Determinar la eficacia de la radioterapia neoadyuvante en el control de la recurrencia pélvica lateral y en que subgrupo de pacientes sería conveniente efecutar una excisión lateral de las cadenas ganglionares.DISEÑO:Se reevaluaron las imágenes tomográficas y de resonancia magnética del status de las cadenas ganglionares linfáticas laterales. Los ganglios linfáticos laterales con un eje-corto > 5 mm y ≥ 4 mm se consideraron como positivos previo al tratamiento y reestadificados con RM y TAC respectivamente.ESCENARIO:Es un análisis post hoc de un studio prospectivo randomizado controlado (FOWARC, NCT01211210).PACIENTESSe incluyeron un total de 495 pacientes en estdio II o III con adenomcarcinoma rectal en el estudio original. De acuerdo a los criterios de exclusión, la población final incluida consistió en 253 pacientes; de estos, 195 recibieron quimioradioterapia neoadyuvante y 94 quimioterapia sola.EVALUACION DE LOS RESULTADOS PRINCIPALES:El parámetro mas importante fue la tasa de recurrencia pélvica lateral a cinco años.RESULTADOS:En comparación con los pacientes que recibieron quimioterapia sola, aquellos que además fueron sometidos a radioterapia adicional presentaron un margen significativo de menor tasa de recurrencia pélvica lateral (6.6% vs. 13.0%; p=0.051). En el grupo de pacientes con ganglios linfáticos laterales positivos, los enfermos presentaron una tasa de recurrencia pélvica lateral de 22.6% y 45.1% después de quimioradiaterapia neoadyuvante en comparación con quimioterapia sola respectivamente. Cabe mencionar que el 34.9% de los pacientes con ganglios linfáticos laterales positivos antes del tratamiento persistieron después de la quimioradioterapia neoadyuvante, reportándose finalmente una recurrencia pélvica lateral de un 63.3%.LIMITACIONES:Se trata de un análisis posthoc y solo los pacientes del hospital fueron incluidos, lo que limita el tamaño de la muestra. Además, no se efectuó la disección de los ganglios linfáticos laterales en este grupo.CONCLUSIONES:La radioterapia en los esquemas de neoadyuvancia no logran controlar la recurrencia pélvica lateral en forma adecuada. Algunos subgrupos de pacientes podría requerir de disección adicional. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B613.

摘要

背景:新辅助放化疗后全直肠系膜切除术改善了直肠癌的局部复发。然而,对于局部进展期低位直肠癌患者,仍然需要解决侧盆复发的问题。

目的:本研究旨在确定新辅助放疗在解决侧盆复发方面的效果,以及哪些亚组患者可能需要接受侧方淋巴结清扫。

设计:重新评估 MRI/CT 图像的侧方淋巴结状态。在预处理和再分期 MRI/CT 中,短轴≥5mm 和≥4mm 的侧方淋巴结被认为是阳性。

地点:这是一项前瞻性随机对照试验(FOWARC,NCT01211210)的事后分析。

患者:共有 495 例 II 期或 III 期直肠腺癌患者纳入原始试验。根据排除标准,最终纳入的人群包括 253 例患者;其中 195 例接受新辅助放化疗,94 例接受单纯化疗。

主要结果和测量指标:主要结局是 5 年侧盆复发率。

结果:与单纯化疗组相比,接受额外放疗的患者侧盆复发率有降低的趋势(6.6% vs. 13.0%;p=0.051)。在预处理时侧方淋巴结阳性的亚组中,患者接受新辅助放化疗和单纯化疗的侧盆复发率分别为 22.6%和 45.1%。值得注意的是,34.9%的预处理阳性侧方淋巴结在新辅助放化疗后仍然存在,最终导致侧盆复发率为 63.3%。

局限性:这是一项事后分析,仅纳入了主要中心的患者,限制了样本量。此外,该队列中未进行侧方淋巴结清扫。

结论:新辅助方案中添加放疗不能充分控制侧盆复发。一些亚组患者可能需要额外的解剖。详见视频摘要:http://links.lww.com/DCR/B613。

相似文献

[1]
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[2]
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[3]
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[4]
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[5]
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[6]
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[7]
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[8]
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[9]
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[10]
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引用本文的文献

[1]
Comparison of the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer patients: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Int J Surg. 2025-3-1

[2]
Clinical atlas of rectal cancer highlights the barriers and insufficient interventions underlying the unfavorable outcomes in older patients.

Heliyon. 2023-5-5

[3]
Automatic treatment outcome prediction with DeepInteg based on multimodal radiological images in rectal cancer.

Heliyon. 2023-1-25

[4]
Current treatment and surveillance modalities are not sufficient for advanced stage III colon cancer: Result from a multicenter cohort analysis.

Cancer Med. 2021-12

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