Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
CNS, Central Finland Health Care District, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
Nurs Health Sci. 2021 Sep;23(3):678-687. doi: 10.1111/nhs.12852. Epub 2021 Jun 3.
Nurse-led counseling and systematic follow-up have been shown to reduce cardiovascular risk factor levels. The study aims were to investigate if cardiovascular risk factor levels could be reduced in patients with coronary artery disease with a nurse-led intervention and to report patients' evaluations of nurse-led counseling. The study design was a real-life longitudinal follow-up counseling intervention. Data were collected from November 2017 to May 2020. The nurse-led intervention and patients' follow-up time was 1 year. Of the 78 patients recruited, 74 completed the study. The most significant findings were in the levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides at every follow-up visit compared to their baseline levels and that waist circumference decreased during the 1-year follow-up. Patients assessed the quality of nurse-led counseling to be very good, though it decreased slightly during follow-up. The results suggest the integrated care path and specialized and primary care for coronary artery disease patients need further development. More research is needed on how to strengthen patients' self-management and what kind of counseling would best promote it.
护士主导的咨询和系统随访已被证明可降低心血管风险因素水平。本研究旨在探讨冠心病患者是否可以通过护士主导的干预降低心血管风险因素水平，并报告患者对护士主导咨询的评价。研究设计为现实生活中的纵向随访咨询干预。数据收集于 2017 年 11 月至 2020 年 5 月。护士主导的干预和患者的随访时间为 1 年。在招募的 78 名患者中，74 名完成了研究。最显著的发现是在每次随访时的总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯水平与基线水平相比都有所降低，而且在 1 年的随访期间腰围也有所减少。患者评估护士主导咨询的质量非常好，尽管在随访过程中略有下降。研究结果表明，综合护理路径和冠心病患者的专科和初级保健需要进一步发展。需要进一步研究如何加强患者的自我管理，以及哪种咨询方式最能促进自我管理。
