The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2021 Aug;5(8):589-604. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(21)00051-1. Epub 2021 May 13.
Adolescence and early adulthood are crucial periods of neurodevelopment characterised by functional, structural, and cognitive maturation, which helps prepare young people for adulthood. This systematic review of longitudinal studies aims to delineate neural predictors from neural consequences of cannabis and illicit substance use, as well as investigate the potential for the developing brain (at ages 10-25 years) to recover after damage. Five databases were searched to yield a total of 38 eligible studies, with some assessing multiple outcome techniques, including 22 neuroimaging, two neurophysiological, and 22 neuropsychological findings. High-quality evidence suggested that delayed or irregular neurodevelopment in executive functioning, particularly emotional perception, might predispose young people to higher frequency substance use. There was evidence of functional, structural, and cognitive deficits proceeding substance use, with harm potentially dependent on the frequency of use and recovery potentially dependent on the duration of use. Identifying aberrant neurodevelopment in young people is crucial for preventing substance use-related harm.
青春期和成年早期是神经发育的关键时期，其特点是功能、结构和认知成熟，这有助于年轻人为成年期做好准备。本项针对纵向研究的系统回顾旨在描绘大麻和非法物质使用的神经预测因子和神经后果，并研究受损后发育中大脑（10-25 岁）恢复的潜力。五个数据库进行了搜索，共产生了 38 项符合条件的研究，其中一些评估了多种结果技术，包括 22 项神经影像学、2 项神经生理学和 22 项神经心理学发现。高质量证据表明，执行功能（尤其是情绪感知）的延迟或不规则神经发育可能使年轻人更容易出现更高频率的物质使用。有证据表明，在物质使用之前存在功能、结构和认知缺陷，而危害可能取决于使用频率，恢复可能取决于使用持续时间。识别年轻人的异常神经发育对于预防与物质使用相关的伤害至关重要。
