Department of Psychology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Austria; Department for Psychology, University of Salzburg, Austria.
Appetite. 2021 Oct 1;165:105294. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105294. Epub 2021 May 12.
Behavioral tendencies in the Approach-Avoidance Task (AAT) have mostly been assessed using a joystick as a response device. In recent years, other hardware devices such as tablets, smartphones, and computer mice have also been used. However, it remains unclear whether different response devices yield similar results and show comparable psychometric properties. The aim of the present study was to assess approach biases towards chocolate with different response devices and to compare their reliability and validity. Forty-five individuals with regular chocolate consumption completed three different AATs (joystick, computer mouse, touchscreen), each comprised of two blocks. In the compatible block of trials, chocolate-related pictures had to be pulled near while object-related pictures had to be pushed away. In the incompatible block of trials, instructions were reversed. Preregistered analyses revealed that participants were faster to pull than to push chocolate-related pictures relative to object-related pictures, indicating an approach bias for chocolate with no significant differences between response devices. Correlations among the three response devices were low to medium. Exploratory analyses revealed that approach biases were moderated by block order such that biases were only present and associated with craving (joystick AAT only) when the incongruent block was completed first. Internal consistencies of the bias score ranged between r = 0.67-0.76. Results of the present study point to the existence of an approach bias to chocolate regardless of response device, albeit each task seems to measure a different aspect of it. Order effects point to specific temporal dynamics in the acquisition of stimulus response (e.g., chocolate-pull) mappings that require further study.
在趋近回避任务（AAT）中，行为倾向主要通过操纵杆作为反应设备进行评估。近年来，其他硬件设备，如平板电脑、智能手机和计算机鼠标，也已被用于该任务。然而，不同的反应设备是否会产生相似的结果，以及是否具有可比的心理测量学特性，目前仍不清楚。本研究旨在使用不同的反应设备评估个体对巧克力的趋近偏向，并比较它们的可靠性和有效性。45 名有规律食用巧克力的个体完成了三种不同的 AAT（操纵杆、计算机鼠标、触摸屏），每个 AAT 都包含两个模块。在兼容模块中，巧克力相关的图片需要被拉近，而物体相关的图片需要被推开。在不兼容模块中，指令被反转。预先注册的分析表明，与物体相关的图片相比，参与者拉动巧克力相关图片的速度更快，这表明他们对巧克力存在趋近偏向，且不同反应设备之间没有显著差异。三种反应设备之间的相关性为低至高。探索性分析表明，趋近偏向受到模块顺序的调节，只有当不兼容模块首先完成时，偏向才存在，并与渴望（仅操纵杆 AAT）相关。偏向得分的内部一致性在 r=0.67-0.76 之间。本研究的结果表明，无论使用何种反应设备，个体对巧克力都存在趋近偏向，但每个任务似乎都测量了它的不同方面。顺序效应表明，在获得刺激反应（例如，巧克力拉动）映射方面存在特定的时间动态，这需要进一步研究。
