Jafari Abbas, Ghasemnejad-Berenji Hojat, Nemati Mohadeseh, Pashapour Sarvin, Sadeghpour Sonia, Ghasemnejad-Berenji Morteza
Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Department of Anatomy, Histology and Reproductive Biology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Pediatr Urol. 2021 Aug;17(4):441.e1-441.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.04.014. Epub 2021 Apr 29.
Testicular torsion is a common urologic emergency and one of the causes of infertility in males. Hence, prompt diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent testicular damages. It has been reported that memantine, a drug for Alzheimer's disease has anti-oxidative role against cerebral ischemic stroke and cardiac ischemia reperfusion.
In this experimental study, the effects of memantine on a testicular torsion injury in adolescent rat testis after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) were evaluated.
Thirty-six adolescent rats were divided into three groups with 12 rats per group including sham-operated, T/D (torsion/detorsion) + vehicle, and T/D + memantine (10 mg/kg). Testicular torsion was induced for 2 h by rotating right testis 720 in the clockwise direction. In treated group 30 min before detorsion, a single intraperitoneal dose of memantine was administered. After 4 h of reperfusion, orchiectomy was conducted and Histopathological and biochemical evaluations of testicular tissue samples were performed.
The malondialdehyde level in the T/D group was significantly greater than in the sham operated group. Moreover, the testicular malondialdehyde values in the T/D + memantine group were significantly lower than in the T/D group. Also, significant decreases occurred in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in the T/D group compared with sham operated group. These values were significantly greater in the memantine group than in the T/D group. Furthermore, after induction of T/D, histopathological evaluations also revealed severe testicular damages which were improved by memantine administration.
Memantine prevented increases in oxidative stress markers and reductions of antioxidants during I/R injury in the current study. Subsequently the histologic injury was reduced in rats treated with memantine. The antioxidant characteristics of memantine and its protective effects have been shown in our study.
These results suggest that administration of memantine before detorsion prevents I/R cellular damage in testicular torsion. This drug probably acts through reduction of reactive oxygen species and support antioxidant enzyme systems.
睾丸扭转是一种常见的泌尿外科急症，也是男性不育的原因之一。因此，及时诊断和治疗对于预防睾丸损伤至关重要。据报道，美金刚，一种用于治疗阿尔茨海默病的药物，对脑缺血性中风和心脏缺血再灌注具有抗氧化作用。
在本实验研究中，评估了美金刚对青春期大鼠睾丸缺血/再灌注（I/R）后睾丸扭转损伤的影响。
将36只青春期大鼠分为三组，每组12只，包括假手术组、扭转/复位（T/D）+赋形剂组和T/D+美金刚（10mg/kg）组。通过将右侧睾丸顺时针旋转720度诱导睾丸扭转2小时。在治疗组中，在复位前30分钟腹腔注射单次剂量的美金刚。再灌注4小时后，进行睾丸切除术，并对睾丸组织样本进行组织病理学和生化评估。
T/D组丙二醛水平显著高于假手术组。此外，T/D+美金刚组的睾丸丙二醛值显著低于T/D组。与假手术组相比，T/D组过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性也显著降低。美金刚组的这些值显著高于T/D组。此外，在诱导T/D后，组织病理学评估还显示出严重的睾丸损伤，美金刚给药后有所改善。
在本研究中，美金刚可防止I/R损伤期间氧化应激标志物增加和抗氧化剂减少。随后，美金刚治疗的大鼠组织学损伤减轻。本研究显示了美金刚的抗氧化特性及其保护作用。
这些结果表明，在复位前给予美金刚可预防睾丸扭转中的I/R细胞损伤。这种药物可能通过减少活性氧和支持抗氧化酶系统发挥作用。
