Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Wusu Street 666, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Department of Biotechnology, University of Houston Clear Lake, Houston, TX 77058-1098, USA.
J Proteomics. 2021 Jul 15;243:104264. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104264. Epub 2021 May 14.
Sclerotinia stem rot is a common disease found in Brassica rapa that is caused by the necrotic plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Melatonin (MT) has known biological activity and effectively relieved this type of Sclerotinia stem rot in B. rapa. To better understand the mechanisms behind MT-induced S. sclerotiorum resistance in B. rapa, we performed both proteomic and metabolomic analysis. Our results showed that during S. sclerotiorum infection, thiamine synthesis was activated and defended against it. In infected leaves, ribosomal synthesis-related proteins responded positively to MT treatment. Integrated proteomic and metabolomic analysis showed that amino acid metabolism was activated by MT treatment. After MT treatment, adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) content and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were both increased in B. rapa infected leaves. Cysteine synthase, sulfur transfer-related proteins, and glucosinolate (GS) were all increased after MT treatment in infected B. rapa leaves. Taken together, these results indicated that B. rapa leaves promoted thiamine formation to defend against S. sclerotiorum infection. Moreover, MT helped further induce antioxidant activation in B. rapa in an ATP-dependent manner and stimulating GS biosynthesis to well inhibit the S. sclerotiorum infection. SIGNIFICANCE: Melatonin (MT) has biological activity and effectively relieved the Sclerotinia stem rot of Brassica rapa caused by the necrotic plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In order to reveal the molecular mechanisms of MT-induced S. sclerotiorum resistance in B. rapa, comprehensive proteomic and metabolomic analyses were conducted. The integration analysis of omic-data illustrated that the modulation of ATP and glucosinolate biosynthesis induced by MT administration helped to defend the infection of S. sclerotiorum in B. rapa. Our results will provide insights into MT-induced anti-fungal mechanism and therapeutic strategies to mitigate Sclerotinia stem rot of B. rapa, thereby increasing plant yield and decreasing economic losses.
菌核病是芸薹属植物中常见的病害，由坏死植物病原体核盘菌引起。褪黑素 (MT) 具有已知的生物学活性，可有效缓解芸薹属植物的这种菌核病。为了更好地理解 MT 诱导芸薹属植物抵抗核盘菌的机制，我们进行了蛋白质组学和代谢组学分析。我们的结果表明，在核盘菌感染过程中，硫胺素合成被激活并对其进行防御。在受感染的叶片中，核糖体合成相关蛋白对 MT 处理呈阳性反应。整合蛋白质组学和代谢组学分析表明，氨基酸代谢在 MT 处理下被激活。在 MT 处理后，芸薹属植物感染叶片中的三磷酸腺苷 (ATP) 含量和抗氧化酶活性均增加。在 MT 处理后，感染的芸薹属植物叶片中的半胱氨酸合酶、硫转移相关蛋白和硫代葡萄糖苷 (GS) 均增加。总之，这些结果表明，芸薹属植物叶片促进硫胺素形成以抵御核盘菌感染。此外，MT 以依赖 ATP 的方式帮助进一步诱导芸薹属植物中的抗氧化剂激活，并刺激 GS 生物合成以有效抑制核盘菌感染。意义：褪黑素 (MT) 具有生物学活性，可有效缓解由坏死植物病原体核盘菌引起的芸薹属植物菌核病。为了揭示 MT 诱导芸薹属植物抵抗核盘菌的分子机制，进行了全面的蛋白质组学和代谢组学分析。组学数据的整合分析表明，MT 给药诱导的 ATP 和硫代葡萄糖苷生物合成的调节有助于抵御核盘菌对芸薹属植物的感染。我们的研究结果将为 MT 诱导的抗真菌机制和减轻芸薹属植物菌核病的治疗策略提供新的见解，从而提高植物产量并减少经济损失。
