White Naomi, Kouwenhoven Marijn, Machado Liana
Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Brain Research New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand.
Exp Aging Res. 2022 Jan-Feb;48(1):68-85. doi: 10.1080/0361073X.2021.1919475. Epub 2021 May 16.
The current research addressed gaps in the literature regarding short-term computerized cognitive retest performance in young and older adults using two integrated speed-accuracy metrics. The aims were: (a) to advance the aging literature on short-term retest performance using a computerized cognitive battery and a retest schedule that included both within- and between-day time points, and (b) to assess the test-retest reliability of two integrated speed-accuracy metrics, inverse efficiency scores (IES) and balanced integration scores (BIS).
Twenty young (18-23 years) and thirty older (65-71 years) men completed a battery measuring a range of cognitive functions, six times over three testing days, each 1 week apart.
Compared to young adults, older adults exhibited steeper within- and between-day performance gains in IES and BIS, which may reflect a combination of lower initial cognitive ability and familiarity, indicating that older adults may require more familiarization on computerized tests. Relative to unadjusted reaction times, IES reliability appeared comparable in older adults, but slightly lower among young adults. The reliability of BIS was lower than unadjusted reaction times and IES in both age groups.
Our findings provide guidance for researchers wanting to combine speed and accuracy into a single performance metric in repeated testing contexts.
当前的研究填补了文献中关于使用两种综合速度-准确性指标对年轻人和老年人进行短期计算机化认知复测表现的空白。研究目的如下：(a) 使用计算机化认知测试组和包含日内和日间时间点的复测时间表，推进关于短期复测表现的衰老文献研究；(b) 评估两种综合速度-准确性指标，即反向效率得分（IES）和平衡整合得分（BIS）的重测信度。
20名年轻男性（18 - 23岁）和30名老年男性（65 - 71岁）在三个测试日中完成了一系列测量多种认知功能的测试组，每次测试间隔1周，共进行6次。
与年轻人相比，老年人在IES和BIS上的日内和日间表现提升更为显著，这可能反映了较低的初始认知能力和熟悉程度的综合影响，表明老年人可能需要更多时间来熟悉计算机化测试。相对于未调整的反应时间，IES在老年人中的信度相当，但在年轻人中略低。BIS在两个年龄组中的信度均低于未调整的反应时间和IES。
我们的研究结果为希望在重复测试情境中将速度和准确性结合为单一表现指标的研究人员提供了指导。
