Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, School of Forest, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, PR China.
Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, School of Forest, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road 26, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, PR China.
Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2021 Jun;175:104859. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104859. Epub 2021 Apr 23.
Vanillin is a natural antimicrobial agent; however, there are few reports on its antifungal effect on postharvest pathogenic fungi. This study aimed to investigate the in vivo and in vitro antifungal activities of vanillin against gray mold (caused by B. cinerea) and black rot (caused by A. alternata) of cherry tomato fruit and to explain its possible mechanism of action. Vanillin strongly inhibits Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria alternata mycelial growth, spore germination, and germ tube elongation in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.05). In vivo experiments showed that 4000 mg L vanillin treatment inhibited cherry tomato gray mold and black rot occurrence. Besides, intercellular electrolytes, soluble proteins, and soluble sugars leakage indicated that 50 or 100 mg L vanillin treatment increased Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria alternata membrane permeability. The increase of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide contents confirmed that 50 or 100 mg L vanillin treatment damages the pathogen membranes. Importantly, vanillin treatment inhibited the pathogenicity-related enzyme activities of the two pathogens to reduce their infection ability, among them PL enzyme activity in A. alternata was most inhibited, reducing by 94.7 % at 6 h treated with 100 mg L vanillin. The hyphae morphology of the two pathogens changed, the mycelia were severely damaged, and the hyphae surface was deformed, shrunk, or even broken after 100 mg L vanillin treatment. In summary, vanillin had a substantial inhibitory effect on postharvest gray mold and black rot in cherry tomato fruit. Therefore, vanillin can be an effective alternative to prevent and control cherry tomato postharvest diseases.
香草醛是一种天然的抗菌剂；然而，关于其对采后病原真菌的抗真菌作用的报道较少。本研究旨在研究香草醛对樱桃番茄果实灰霉病（由 B. cinerea 引起）和黑腐病（由 A. alternata 引起）的体内和体外抗真菌活性，并解释其可能的作用机制。香草醛强烈抑制灰葡萄孢和交链格孢菌菌丝生长、孢子萌发和芽管伸长，呈浓度依赖性（P<0.05）。体内实验表明，4000mg/L 香草醛处理可抑制樱桃番茄灰霉病和黑腐病的发生。此外，细胞间电解质、可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖的泄漏表明，50 或 100mg/L 香草醛处理增加了灰葡萄孢和交链格孢菌的膜通透性。丙二醛和过氧化氢含量的增加证实了 50 或 100mg/L 香草醛处理会破坏病原体膜。重要的是，香草醛处理抑制了两种病原体的致病性相关酶活性，从而降低了它们的感染能力，其中 100mg/L 香草醛处理 6 小时后 PL 酶活性降低了 94.7%。两种病原体的菌丝形态发生变化，菌丝严重受损，用 100mg/L 香草醛处理后，菌丝表面变形、收缩甚至断裂。综上所述，香草醛对樱桃番茄果实采后灰霉病和黑腐病有显著的抑制作用。因此，香草醛可以作为防治樱桃番茄采后病害的有效替代品。
