Marquette University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Marquette University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Jun;126:45-55. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.04.026. Epub 2021 May 14.
The circadian system regulates behavior and physiology in many ways important for health. Circadian rhythms are expressed by nearly every cell in the body, and this large system is coordinated by a central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Sex differences in daily rhythms are evident in humans and understanding how circadian function is modulated by biological sex is an important goal. This review highlights work examining effects of sex and gonadal hormones on daily rhythms, with a focus on behavior and SCN circuitry in animal models commonly used in pre-clinical studies. Many questions remain in this area of the field, which would benefit from further work investigating this topic.
昼夜节律系统以多种方式调节行为和生理，这些方式对健康很重要。几乎身体内的每一个细胞都表达昼夜节律，这个庞大的系统由视交叉上核（SCN）中的中央时钟协调。昼夜节律的性别差异在人类中很明显，了解生物性别如何调节昼夜节律功能是一个重要目标。这篇综述强调了检查性和性腺激素对日常节律的影响的工作，重点是动物模型中的行为和 SCN 电路，这些模型常用于临床前研究。该领域仍有许多问题悬而未决，进一步研究这一课题将从中受益。
