Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 North 12th Street, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2022 Apr;18(4):2593-2599. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2021.04.023. Epub 2021 May 1.
The control of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may be dependent on widespread receipt of an effective vaccine. It is important to understand patient health-related behaviors and perceptions to guide public health vaccination strategies.
To examine perceptions of COVID-19 and vaccination beliefs, and identify predictors of intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine in the US.
A cross-sectional, web-based survey guided by the Health Belief Model was conducted using a web-based Qualtrics survey panel of US adults. The main outcome was the intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine if offered. Additional measures included: demographics, perceptions of COVID-19 severity, risk and susceptibility, views of a potential COVID-19 vaccine, virus and vaccine information sources, vaccine beliefs and behaviors, and seasonal flu vaccine history.
A total of 1047 complete responses were included. Females had lower odds of intending to receive the COVID-19 vaccine than males (AOR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.36-0.80). Those with a two-year degree/some college had lower odds of intending to receive the COVID-19 vaccine compared to those with a high school degree/GED (AOR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.36-0.97). Respondents who perceived the severity of the virus to be higher, perceived a greater COVID-19 vaccine benefit, and perceived greater general vaccine benefits had higher odds of intending to receive a COVID-19 vaccine (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.09-1.91; AOR = 2.82, 95% CI: 2.24-3.56; AOR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.41-2.21, respectively).
In this study, intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine varied across demographics, perceived virus severity, COVID-19 vaccine and general vaccine beliefs. Successful implementation of a COVID-19 immunization strategy by healthcare providers and public health officials will need to incorporate diverse COVID-19 vaccination education strategies tailored to patients' health beliefs.
控制 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行可能取决于广泛接种有效的疫苗。了解患者的健康相关行为和认知对于指导公共卫生疫苗接种策略非常重要。
检查对 COVID-19 和疫苗接种的看法，并确定美国接种 COVID-19 疫苗的意愿的预测因素。
使用基于网络的 Qualtrics 调查小组，对美国成年人进行了基于健康信念模型的横断面、网络调查。主要结果是如果提供 COVID-19 疫苗，接种的意愿。其他措施包括：人口统计学，对 COVID-19 严重程度，风险和易感性的看法，对潜在 COVID-19 疫苗的看法，病毒和疫苗信息来源，疫苗信念和行为以及季节性流感疫苗接种史。
共纳入 1047 例完整应答。女性接种 COVID-19 疫苗的意愿低于男性（AOR=0.54，95％CI：0.36-0.80）。与高中或同等学历相比，具有两年制学位/大专学历的人接种 COVID-19 疫苗的意愿较低（AOR=0.59，95％CI：0.36-0.97）。认为病毒严重程度较高，认为 COVID-19 疫苗益处较大，并且认为一般疫苗益处较大的受访者接种 COVID-19 疫苗的意愿较高（AOR=1.44，95％CI：1.09-1.91；AOR=2.82，95％CI：2.24-3.56；AOR=1.77，95％CI：1.41-2.21）。
在这项研究中，接种 COVID-19 疫苗的意愿因人口统计学，病毒严重程度，COVID-19 疫苗和一般疫苗信念而异。医疗保健提供者和公共卫生官员成功实施 COVID-19 免疫策略，需要将针对患者健康信念量身定制的各种 COVID-19 疫苗接种教育策略结合起来。
